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Image-Based Modeling Reveals Dynamic Redistribution of DNA Damageinto Nuclear Sub-Domains

Description: Several proteins involved in the response to DNA doublestrand breaks (DSB) f orm microscopically visible nuclear domains, orfoci, after exposure to ionizing radiation. Radiation-induced foci (RIF)are believed to be located where DNA damage occurs. To test thisassumption, we analyzed the spatial distribution of 53BP1, phosphorylatedATM, and gammaH2AX RIF in cells irradiated with high linear energytransfer (LET) radiation and low LET. Since energy is randomly depositedalong high-LET particle path… more
Date: August 3, 2007
Creator: Costes Sylvain V.; Ponomarev, Artem; Chen, James L.; Nguyen, David; Cucinotta, Francis A. & Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

X-ray spectroscopic study of the charge state and local orderingof room-temperature ferromagnetic Mn oped ZnO

Description: The charge state and local ordering of Mn doped into a pulsed laser deposited single-phase thin film of ZnO are investigated by using X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the O K-, Mn K- and L-edges, and X-ray emission spectroscopy at the O K- and Mn L-edge. This film is found to be ferromagnetic at room temperature. EXAFS measurement shows that Mn{sup 2+} replaces Zn site in tetrahedral symmetry, and there is no evidence for either metallic Mn or MnO in the film. Upon Mn doping, the top of O 2p va… more
Date: August 7, 2007
Creator: Guo, J.-H.; Gupta, Amita; Sharma, Parmanand; Rao, K.V.; Marcus,M.A.; Dong, C.L. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Similarity-Guided Streamline Placement with Error Evaluation

Description: Most streamline generation algorithms either provide a particular density of streamlines across the domain or explicitly detect features, such as critical points, and follow customized rules to emphasize those features. However, the former generally includes many redundant streamlines, and the latter requires Boolean decisions on which points are features (and may thus suffer from robustness problems for real-world data). We take a new approach to adaptive streamline placement for steady vector… more
Date: August 15, 2007
Creator: Chen, Y.; Cohen, J. D. & Krolik, J. H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Supporting Multiple Cognitive Processing Styles Using Tailored Support Systems

Description: According to theories of cognitive processing style or cognitive control mode, human performance is more effective when an individual’s cognitive state (e.g., intuition/scramble vs. deliberate/strategic) matches his/her ecological constraints or context (e.g., utilize intuition to strive for a "good-enough" response instead of deliberating for the "best" response under high time pressure). Ill-mapping between cognitive state and ecological constraints are believed to lead to degraded task perfo… more
Date: August 1, 2007
Creator: Tran, Tuan Q.; Feigh, Karen M. & Pritchett, Amy R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Calcium Carbonate Storage in Amorphous Form and Its Template-Induced Crystallization

Description: Calcium carbonate crystallization in organisms often occurs through the transformation from the amorphous precursor. It is believed that the amorphous phase could be temporarily stabilized and stored, until its templated transition to the crystalline form is induced. Here we develop a bio-inspired crystallization strategy that is based on the above mechanism. Amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) spherulitic particles are formed and stabilized on a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of hydroxy-terminat… more
Date: August 31, 2007
Creator: Han, T Y & Aizenberg, J
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

To Crack or Not to Crack: Strain in High TemperatureSuperconductors

Description: Round wire Bi 2212 is emerging as a viable successor ofNb3Sn in High Energy Physics and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, to generatemagnetic fields that surpass the intrinsic limitations of Nb3Sn. Ratherbold claims are made on achievable magnetic fields in applications usingBi 2212, due to the materials' estimated critical magnetic field of 100 Tor higher. High transport currents in high magnetic fields, however, leadto large stress on, and resulting large strain in the superconductor. Theeffect of … more
Date: August 22, 2007
Creator: Godeke, Arno
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

World Sheet Commuting beta-gamma CFT and Non-Relativistic StringTheories

Description: We construct a sigma model in two dimensions with Galilean symmetry in flat target space similar to the sigma model of the critical string theory with Lorentz symmetry in 10 flat spacetime dimensions. This is motivated by the works of Gomis and Ooguri[1] and Danielsson et. al.[2, 3]. Our theory is much simpler than their theory and does not assume a compact coordinate. This non-relativistic string theory has a bosonic matter {beta}{gamma} CFT with the conformal weight of {beta} as 1. It is natu… more
Date: August 30, 2007
Creator: Kim, Bom Soo
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Radioactive Elements in the Standard Atomic Weights Table.

Description: In the 1949 Report of the Atomic Weights Commission, a series of new elements were added to the Atomic Weights Table. Since these elements had been produced in the laboratory and were not discovered in nature, the atomic weight value of these artificial products would depend upon the production method. Since atomic weight is a property of an element as it occurs in nature, it would be incorrect to assign an atomic weight value to that element. As a result of that discussion, the Commission deci… more
Date: August 4, 2007
Creator: Holden, N. E.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Kinetics of the water adsorption driven structural transformationof ZnS nanoparticles

Description: Nanoparticles of certain materials can respond structurally to changes in their surface environments. We have previously shown that methanol, water adsorption, and aggregation-disaggregation can change the structure of 3 nm diameter zinc sulfide (ZnS). However, in prior observations of water-driven structure change, aggregation may also have taken place. Therefore, we investigated the structural consequences of water adsorption alone on anhydrous nanoparticles that were dried to minimize change… more
Date: August 1, 2007
Creator: Goodell, C. M.; Gilbert, B.; Weigand, S. J. & Banfield, J. F.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

IMG/M: A data management and analysis system for metagenomes

Description: IMG/M is a data management and analysis system for microbial community genomes (metagenomes) hosted at the Joint Genome Institute (JGI). IMG/M consists of metagenome data integrated with isolate microbial genomes from the Integrated Microbial Genomes (IMG) system. IMG/M provides IMG's comparative data analysis tools extended to handle metagenome data, together with metagenome-specific analysis tools. IMG/M is available at http://img.jgi.doe.gov/m. Studies of the collective genomes (also known a… more
Date: August 1, 2007
Creator: Markowitz, Victor M.; Ivanova, Natalia N.; Szeto, Ernest; Palaniappan, Krishna; Chu, Ken; Dalevi, Daniel et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

The Formation of Contact and Very Close Binaries

Description: We explore the possibility that all close binaries, i.e. those with periods {approx}< 3 d, including contact (W UMa) binaries, are produced from initially wider binaries (periods of say 10's of days) by the action of a triple companion through the medium of Kozai Cycles with Tidal Friction (KCTF).
Date: August 10, 2007
Creator: Kisseleva-Eggleton, L & Eggleton, P P
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Probing Late Neutrino Mass Properties With SupernovaNeutrinos

Description: Models of late-time neutrino mass generation contain new interactions of the cosmic background neutrinos with supernova relic neutrinos (SRNs). Exchange of an on-shell light scalar may lead to significant modification of the differential SRN flux observed at earth. We consider an Abelian U(1) model for generating neutrino masses at low scales, and show that there are cases for which the changes induced in the flux allow one to distinguish the Majorana or Dirac nature of neutrinos, as well as th… more
Date: August 8, 2007
Creator: Baker, Joseph; Goldberg, Haim; Perez, Gilad & Sarcevic, Ina
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Towards a Sustainable Energy Balance: Progressive Efficiency and the Return of Energy Conservation

Description: We argue that a primary focus on energy efficiency may not be sufficient to slow (and ultimately reverse) the growth in total energy consumption and carbon emissions. Instead, policy makers need to return to an earlier emphasis on"conservation," with energy efficiency seen as a means rather than an end in itself. We briefly review the concept of"intensive" versus"extensive" variables (i.e., energy efficiency versus energy consumption), and why attention to both con… more
Date: August 13, 2007
Creator: Diamond, Rick; Harris, Jeff; Diamond, Rick; Iyer, Maithili; Payne, Christopher; Blumstein, Carl et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Open Cavity Solutions to the Rf in Magnetic Field Problem.

Description: It has been observed [1] that breakdown in an 805 MHz pill-box cavity occurs at much lower gradients as an external axial magnetic field is increased. This effect was not observed with on open iris cavity. It is proposed that this effect depends on the relative angles of the magnetic and maximum electric fields: parallel in the pill-box case; at an angle in the open iris case. If so, using an open iris structure with solenoid coils in the irises should perform even better. A lattice, using this… more
Date: August 6, 2007
Creator: Palmer, R. B.; Berg, J. S.; Fernow, R. C.; Gallardo, J. C. & Kirk, H. G.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Overview of the National Ignition Facility

Description: The National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory will be the world's largest and most powerful laser system for inertial confinement fusion (ICF) and experiments studying high energy density (HED) science. NIF is a 192 beam Nd-glass laser facility that will produce 1.8 MJ, 500 TW of ultraviolet light making it over fifty times more energetic than present ICF facilities. The NIF Project began in 1995 and is scheduled for completion in 2009. Ignition experiments on N… more
Date: August 30, 2007
Creator: Moses, Edward
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Testing Short Samples of ITER Conductors and Projection of Their Performance in ITER Magnets

Description: Qualification of the ITER conductor is absolutely necessary. Testing large scale conductors is expensive and time consuming. To test straight 3-4m long samples in a bore of a split solenoid is a relatively economical way in comparison with fabrication of a coil to be tested in a bore of a background field solenoid. However, testing short sample may give ambiguous results due to different constraints in current redistribution in the cable or other end effects which are not present in the large m… more
Date: August 20, 2007
Creator: Martovetsky, N. N.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Neutral Beam Injection for Plasma and Magnetic FieldDiagnostics

Description: At the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) adiagnostic neutral beam injection system for measuring plasma parameters,flow velocity, and local magnetic field is being developed. High protonfraction and small divergence is essential for diagnostic neutral beams.In our design, a neutral hydrogen beam with an 8 cm x 11 cm (or smaller)elliptical beam spot at 2.5 m from the end of the extraction column isproduced. The beam will deliver up to 5 A of hydrogen beam to the targetwith a pulse wid… more
Date: August 1, 2007
Creator: Vainionpaa, Jaakko Hannes; Leung, Ka Ngo; Kwan, Joe W. & Levinton,Fred
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Theoretical investigations of two Si-based spintronic materials

Description: Two Si-based spintronic materials, a Mn-Si digital ferromagnetic heterostructure ({delta}-layer of Mn doped in Si) with defects and dilutely doped Mn{sub x}Si{sub 1-x} alloy are investigated using a density-functional based approach. We model the heterostructure and alloy with a supercell of 64 atoms and examine several configurations of the Mn atoms. We find that 25% substitutional defects without vacancies in the {delta} layer diminishes half metallicity of the DFH substantially. For the allo… more
Date: August 3, 2007
Creator: Fong, C Y; Snow, R; Shaughnessy, M; Pask, J E & Yang, L H
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Neutrino oscillation results from MINOS

Description: The Main Injector Neutrino Oscillation Search (MINOS) long-baseline experiment has been actively collecting beam data since 2005, having already accumulated 3 x 10{sup 20} protons-on-target (POT). MINOS uses the Neutrinos at the Main Injector (NuMI) neutrino beam measured in two locations: at Fermilab, close to beam production, and 735 km downstream, in Northern Minnesota. By observing the oscillatory structure in the neutrino energy spectrum, MINOS can precisely measure the neutrino oscillatio… more
Date: August 1, 2007
Creator: Sousa, Alexandre
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Energy in the Mountain West: Colonialism and Independence

Description: In many ways, the mountain west (Alaska, Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, Nevada, Utah, Wyoming) is an energy colony for the rest of the United States: it is rich in energy resources that are extracted to fuel economic growth in the wealthier and more populous coastal regions. Federal agencies and global corporations often behave as if the mountain west is a place to be exploited or managed for the benefit of customers and consumers elsewhere. Yet, the area. is not vast empty spac… more
Date: August 1, 2007
Creator: Piet, Steven; Brown, Lloyd; Cherry, Robert; Cooper, Craig; Heydt, Harold; Holman, Richard et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Advantages and Disadvantages of Physiological Assessment For Next Generation Control Room Design

Description: Abstract - We propose using non-obtrusive physiological assessment (e.g., eye tracking,) to assess human information processing errors (e.g., loss of vigilance) and limitations (e.g., workload) for advanced energy systems early in the design process. This physiological approach for assessing risk will circumvent many limitations of current risk methodologies such as subjective rating (e.g., rater’s biases) and performance modeling (e.g., risk assessment is scripted and is based upon the individ… more
Date: August 1, 2007
Creator: Tran, Tuan Q.; Boring, Ronald L.; Dudenhoeffer, Donald D.; Hallbert, Bruce P; Keller, M. David & Anderson, Tessa M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Effect of Organic Acid Additions on the General and Localized Corrosion Susceptibility of Alloy 22 in Chloride Solutions

Description: Electrochemical studies such as cyclic potentiodynamic polarization (CPP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were performed to determine the corrosion behavior of Alloy 22 (N06022) in 1M NaCl solutions at various pH values from acidic to neutral at 90 C. All the tested material was wrought Mill Annealed (MA). Tests were also performed in NaCl solutions containing weak organic acids such as oxalic, acetic, citric and picric. Results show that the corrosion rate of Alloy 22 was sign… more
Date: August 28, 2007
Creator: Carranza, R M; Giordano, C M; Rodr?guez, M A; Ilevbare, G O & Rebak, R B
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Tile-based Level of Detail for the Parallel Age

Description: Today's PCs incorporate multiple CPUs and GPUs and are easily arranged in clusters for high-performance, interactive graphics. We present an approach based on hierarchical, screen-space tiles to parallelizing rendering with level of detail. Adapt tiles, render tiles, and machine tiles are associated with CPUs, GPUs, and PCs, respectively, to efficiently parallelize the workload with good resource utilization. Adaptive tile sizes provide load balancing while our level of detail system allows tot… more
Date: August 15, 2007
Creator: Niski, K. & Cohen, J. D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Toward Fast Computation of Dense Image Correspondence on the GPU

Description: Large-scale video processing systems are needed to support human analysis of massive collections of image streams. Video, from both current small-format and future large-format camera systems, constitutes the single largest data source of the near future, dwarfing the output of all other data sources combined. A critical component to further advances in the processing and analysis of such video streams is the ability to register successive video frames into a common coordinate system at the pix… more
Date: August 13, 2007
Creator: Duchaineau, M; Cohen, J & Vaidya, S
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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