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Low-Cost Solar Array Project. Progress report 14, August 1979-December 1979 and proceedings of the 14th Project Integration Meeting

Description: Progress made by the Low-Cost Solar Array Project during the period August through November 1979, is described. Progress on project analysis and integration; technology development in silicon material, large-area sheet silicon, and encapsulation; production process and equipment development; engineering, and operations, and the steps taken to integrate these efforts are detailed. A report on the Project Integration Meeting held December 5-6, 1979, including copies of the visual materials used, … more
Date: January 1, 1980
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Low cost Czochralski crystal growing technology: near term implementation of the flat plate photovoltaic cost reduction of the Low Cost Solar Array Project. Fifth quarterly progress report, April 1-June 30, 1980

Description: During this reporting period, the primary activity has been to develop microprocessor control of the crystal growth process and to develop and demonstrate the accelerated crystal growth program. Accelerated recharging of the quartz crucible by the RF melting of polycrystalline silicon feed rods was deemphasized by JPL primarily due to the unavailability of suitable quality feed rods at an effective economical price. The development of the cold crucible program as an alternative method of crucib… more
Date: January 1, 1980
Creator: Roberts, E. G.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Microcrystalline silicon growth for heterojunction solar cells. Second quarterly report, 1 April 1983-30 June 1983

Description: In this reporting period, a single source of evaporation with B mixed with highly doped Si was used instead of the co-evaporation of separate Si and B sources. The purpose was to reduce possible carbon contamination. The results of both the heterojunction or heteroface structures, however, were similar to last quarter when evaporation was used. The best Voc of the heterojunction was about 460mV and no improvement in Voc in the heteroface structure, was observed; slight Voc degradation occurred.… more
Date: January 1, 1983
Creator: Iles, P. A.; Leung, D. C. & Fang, P. H.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Proceedings of the flat-plate solar array project research forum on photovoltaic metallization systems

Description: A Photovoltaic Metallization Research Forum, under the sponsorship of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory's Flat-Plate Solar Array Project and the US Department of Energy, was held March 16-18, 1983 at Pine Mountain, Georgia. The Forum consisted of five sessions, covering (1) the current status of metallization systems, (2) system design, (3) thick-film metallization, (4) advanced techniques and (5) future metallization challenges. Twenty-three papers were presented.
Date: November 15, 1983
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Comprehensive energy-management program. Hybrid photovoltaic/thermal absorber. Annual report, September 1, 1980-December 31, 1981

Description: Research work was done during the reporting period on the two-part research program: (A) to improve energy conservation through increased unit and system efficiencies, energy management, and system optimization, and (B) to develop a novel, low-cost hybrid photovoltaic/thermal absorber. Performance tests were conducted on all the boilers and chillers on campus. Several corrective measures were indicated and implemented. A detailed survey of energy use by functions and consumption/demand study ha… more
Date: December 1, 1981
Creator: Kumar, G. N.; Sellers, J. P. & Dybczak, Z. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Cadmium sulfide/copper sulfide heterojunction cell research. Final report, February 26, 1979-July 15, 1980

Description: Extensive modifications were made to the multi-source deposition apparatus. These include the installation of a larger vacuum chamber on the existing system. The new chamber provides improved inter-source shielding, an improved substrate mounting and heating system, and a vacuum interlock for introducing substrates. CdS resistivity control by both In doping and off-stoichiometric deposition has been investigated. Indium doping has been achieved both by diffusion from a pre-deposited In layer an… more
Date: June 30, 1980
Creator: Thornton, J. A. & Cornog, D. G.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Photovoltaic engineering services pertinent to solar energy conversion

Description: The application of the compound parabolic concentrator (CPC) for use with solar cells has been investigated. Experiments with state-of-the-art Si cells in a CPC and under solar concentration were performed. A theoretical model for calculating the behavior of Si solar cells with concentration was developed. Detailed calculations of the energy distribution in the CPC were made. Finally a cost effectiveness analysis shows that the CPC system will produce power at very much lower cost than will fla… more
Date: June 1, 1975
Creator: Bell, R O; Ho, J C.T.; Kurth, W & Surek, T
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Laser annealing of ion implanted CZ silicon for solar cell junction formation. Quarterly report No. 2

Description: Results on a contract to evaluate the merits of large spot size pulsed laser annealing of ion implanted silicon wafers for junction formation in solar cells are reported. Investigations on homogenization of the laser beam were continued. In addition to the 30 mm diameter fused silica rod with a 90/sup 0/ bend configuration, quartz tubes were obtained and briefly tried. Best results were obtained with the rod homogenizer. Laser annealing experimentation resulted in complete recrystallization of … more
Date: October 1, 1980
Creator: Katzeff, J. S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Indium phosphide/cadmium sulfide thin-film solar cells. Quarterly technical progress report No. 3, December 1979-April 1980

Description: Thin films (approx. 1 ..mu..m thick) and large grains (approx. 40 x 40 ..mu..m) of InP were epitaxially deposited on low-cost recrystallized CdS (RXCdS) substrates at 280/sup 0/C by planar reactive deposition. At 380/sup 0/C, a 0.4- to 1.0-..mu..m-thick In-Cd-S transition layer between the InP and the RXCdS degrades the quality of the InP epitaxy. However, p-type InP films were prepared at this temperature by Be-doping and capping the entire RXCdS substrate with InP. Large grains of CdTe (appro… more
Date: June 1, 1980
Creator: Zanio, K.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Investigations of CuInSe sub 2 Thin Films and Contacts

Description: This report describes research into electrical contacts for copper indium diselenide (CuInSe{sub 2}) polycrystalline thin films used for solar cell applications. Molybdenum contacts have historically been the most promising for heterojunction solar cells. This program studied contact stability by investigating thermally induced bilayer reactions between molybdenum and copper, indium, and selenium. Because selenization is widely used to fabricate CuInSe{sub 2} thin films for photovoltaic cells, … more
Date: October 1, 1991
Creator: Nicolet, M. A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Low Cost Solar Array Project cell and module formation research area. Process research of non-CZ silicon material. Final report, November 26, 1980-September 30, 1983

Description: The primary objective of the work reported was to investigate high-risk, high-payoff research areas associated with the Westinghouse process for producing photovoltaic modules using non-Czochralski sheet material. These tasks were addressed: technical feasibility study of forming front and back junctions using liquid dopant techniques, liquid diffusion mask feasibility study, application studies of antireflective material using a meniscus coater, ion implantation compatibility/feasibility study… more
Date: January 1, 1983
Creator: Campbell, R.B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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An update on environmental, health and safety issues of interest to the photovoltaic industry

Description: There is growing interest in the environmental, health, and safety issues related to new photovoltaic technologies as they approach commercialization. Such issues include potential toxicity of II--VI compounds; the impacts of new environmental regulations on module manufacturers; and, the need for recycling of spent modules and manufacturing wastes. This paper will review these topics. 20 refs.
Date: January 1, 1992
Creator: Moskowitz, P. D.; Viren, J. & Fthenakis, V. M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Low-cost solar array project. Task I. Silicon material. Investigation of the hydrogenation of SiCl/sub 4/

Description: Reaction kinetic measurements on the hydrochlorination of SiCl/sub 4/ and m.g. silicon metal were last reported as a function of reaction temperature, reactor pressure, H/sub 2//SiCl/sub 4/ ratio and silicon metal particle size distribution, 3 SiCl/sub 4/ + 2 H/sub 2/ + Si reversible 4 SiHCl/sub 3/. The effect of impurities in the m.g. silicon metal on the rate of this reaction has been investigated in this quarter. The m.g. silicon was replaced with high purity, electronic grade silicon metal … more
Date: October 7, 1980
Creator: Mui, J. Y. P. & Seyferth, D.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Silicon ingot casting: Heat Exchanger Method (HEM)/multi-wire slicing: Fixed Abrasive Slicing Technique (FAST), Phase IV. Quarterly progress report No. 2, April 1, 1980-June 30, 1980

Description: Silicon ingot size cast by HEM has been extended to 34 cm x 34 cm x 10 cm. A 20 kg ingot has been solidified at 3 kg/hr with no crucible attachment or ingot cracking problems. Another ingot of 26 kg weight has also been solidified. The heat treatment used to develop a graded structure caused cracking on the inside surface of the first large crucibles. The thermal conditions were altered to minimize high gradients and the cracking was eliminated. A high degree of single crystallinity has been ma… more
Date: August 1, 1980
Creator: Schmid, F.; Khattak, C.P. & Basaran, M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Cadmium sulfide/copper ternary heterojunction cell research. Final report, January 8, 1979-June 7, 1980

Description: Dual source, Se and CuInSe/sub 2/, coevaporation and flash evaporation of stoichiometric CuInSe/sub 2/ powder were investigated to develop a process of fabricating large area CdS/CuInSe/sub 2/ heterojunction solar cells. CuInSe/sub 2/ was seen to decompose upon evaporation, producing layered films in the dual source system. Annealing of these films and alternative dual sources have been considered. Single phase p type films have been produced but no devices have been made from such films. Flash… more
Date: January 1, 1980
Creator: Fleming, D. L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Novel duplex vapor-electrochemical method for silicon solar cells. Quarterly progress report No. 7, August 1, 1977--October 31, 1977

Description: Silicon obtained by the SiF/sub 4/-Na reaction was analyzed by spark source mass spectrometry (SSMS). A partial listing of the results is given below. The concentration units in parentheses are ppM wt. B(0.1), Al(0.8), Ga(0.06), P(0.2), F(0.1), Na(1.0), V(0.04), Mo(0.3), Ti(2.0), Zr(2.0), Mn(0.1), Ni(2.0), Zn(0.01), Cu(20.0), Cr(11.0), Fe(55.0). An excellent starting material for silicon solar cells is obtained on the basis of the low levels of B, Al, Ga, P and As. The source of the Fe and Cr i… more
Date: December 1, 1977
Creator: Kapur, V.K.; Nanis, L. & Sanjurjo, A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Array automated assembly: Phase 2. Quarterly report

Description: An analysis was made of cost trade-offs for shaping modified square wafers from cylindrical crystals. For reasonably expectable silicon and sheet costs, the optimum shape will be nearer a circle than a square. Tests were conducted of the effectiveness of texture etching for removal of surface damage on sawed wafers. Four glass systems have survived preliminary screening tests for use as edge masking dielectrics. These include beta-spodumen, MgO-Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ borosilicate, baria and titania … more
Date: February 1, 1978
Creator: Taylor, W.E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Solar photovoltaic applications seminar: design, installation and operation of small, stand-alone photovoltaic power systems

Description: This seminar material was developed primarily to provide solar photovoltaic (PV) applied engineering technology to the Federal community. An introduction to photoconductivity, semiconductors, and solar photovoltaic cells is included along with a demonstration of specific applications and application identification. The seminar details general systems design and incorporates most known information from industry, academia, and Government concerning small solar cell power system design engineering… more
Date: July 1, 1980
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Design of photovoltaic central power station concentrator array

Description: A design for a photovoltaic central power station using tracking concentrators has been developed. The 100 MW plant is assumed to be located adjacent to the Saguaro Power Station of Arizona Public Service. The design assumes an advanced Martin Marietta two-axis tracking fresnel lens concentrator. The concentrators are arrayed in 5 MW subfields, each with its own power conditioning unit. The photovoltaic plant output is connected to the existing 115 kV switchyard. The site specific design allows… more
Date: February 1, 1984
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Process feasibility study in support of silicon material task 1. Quarterly technical progress report (XX), June 1-August 31, 1980

Description: Analyses of process system properties were continued for chemical materials important in the production of silicon including compilation and collection activities of the property data for use in the final report. Major efforts in chemical engineering analysis centered on the DCS process - Case A which involves production of dichlorosilane (DCS) as a silicon source material for polysilicon production in the Hemlock Semiconductor Corporation program. The preliminary process design of a plant to p… more
Date: September 1, 1980
Creator: Yaws, C.L. & Li, K.Y.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Thin film cadmium telluride solar cells. Final technical report, July 1, 1979-August 31, 1980

Description: Efforts during this program have been directed to the construction of apparatus for the chemical vapor deposition of cadmium telluride films, the selection and preparation of substrates, the deposition and characterization of cadmium telluride films, and the fabrication and characterization of solar cells. Cadmium telluride films have been deposited on a number of substrates by the direct combination of cadmium and tellurium on the substrate surface at 500/sup 0/C or higher at rates of up to 0.… more
Date: August 1, 1980
Creator: Chu, T. L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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(Preoxidation cleaning optimization for crystalline silicon)

Description: A series of controlled experiments has been performed in Sandia's Photovoltaic Device Fabrication Laboratory to evaluate the effect of various chemical surface treatments on the recombination lifetime of crystalline silicon wafers subjected to a high-temperature dry oxidation. From this series of experiments we have deduced a relatively simple yet effective cleaning sequence. We have also evaluated the effect of different chemical damage-removal etches for improving the recombination lifetime a… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Pulsed CO sub 2 laser processing of thin ion-implanted silicon layers

Description: We show that extremely shallow ({approx lt} 800 {Angstrom}) melt depths can be easily obtained by irradiating a thin heavily doped silicon layer with a CO{sub 2} laser pulse. Since the absorption of the CO{sub 2} laser pulse is dominated by free-carrier transitions, the beam heating occurs primarily in the thin degenerately doped film. For CO{sub 2} pulse-energy densities exceeding a threshold value, surface melting occurs and the reflectivity of the incident laser pulse increases abruptly to a… more
Date: January 1, 1988
Creator: James, R.B. (Sandia National Labs., Livermore, CA (United States)) & Christie, W.H. (Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States))
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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