Alcohol Withdrawal and Brain Injuries: Beyond Classical Mechanisms

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This review attempts to provide integrated information at the levels of oxidative signaling mechanisms by which ethanol withdrawal (EW) provokes brain injuries and 17β-estradiol (E2) protects against it. Unmanaged sudden withdrawal from the excessive consumption of alcohol (ethanol) adversely alters neuronal integrity in vulnerable brain regions such as the cerebellum, hippocampus, or cortex.

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28 p.

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Jung, Marianna E. & Metzger, Daniel B. July 20, 2010.

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This review attempts to provide integrated information at the levels of oxidative signaling mechanisms by which ethanol withdrawal (EW) provokes brain injuries and 17β-estradiol (E2) protects against it. Unmanaged sudden withdrawal from the excessive consumption of alcohol (ethanol) adversely alters neuronal integrity in vulnerable brain regions such as the cerebellum, hippocampus, or cortex.

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28 p.

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Abstract: Unmanaged sudden withdrawal from the excessive consumption of alcohol (ethanol) adversely alters neuronal integrity in vulnerable brain regions such as the cerebellum, hippocampus, or cortex. In addition to well known hyperexcitatory neurotransmissions, ethanol withdrawal (EW) provokes the intense generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the activation of stress-responding protein kinases, which are the focus of this review article. EW also inflicts mitochondrial membranes/membrane potential, perturbs redox balance, and suppresses mitochondrial enzymes, all of which impair a fundamental function of mitochondria. Moreover, EW acts as an age-provoking stressor. The vulnerable age to EW stress is not necessarily the oldest age and varies depending upon the target molecule of EW. A major female sex steroid, 17β-estradiol (E2), interferes with the EW-induced alteration of oxidative signaling pathways and thereby protects neurons, mitochondria, and behaviors. The current review attempts to provide integrated information at the levels of oxidative signaling mechanisms by which EW provokes brain injuries and E2 protects against it.

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  • Molecules, 15(7), MDPI, July 20, 2010, pp. 1-28

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  • Publication Title: Molecules
  • Volume: 15
  • Issue: 7
  • Peer Reviewed: Yes

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  • July 20, 2010

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  • May 11, 2020, 3:41 p.m.

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Jung, Marianna E. & Metzger, Daniel B. Alcohol Withdrawal and Brain Injuries: Beyond Classical Mechanisms, article, July 20, 2010; [Basel, Switzerland]. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1638228/: accessed May 25, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Health Science Center.

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