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in subjects: "Scrap"

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Plutonium scrap recovery at Savannah River: Past, present, and vision of the future

As a result of the changing requirement, plus environmental and regulatory commitments, SRP now has essentially completed its paradigm shift. SRP has been transformed from primarily a reprocessor of irradiated uranium targets to primarily a reprocessor of non-specification plutonium. This is the mission which will carry SRP into the 21st Century. Accomplishment of the defined goals for the three-pronged RandD program will achieve several objectives: exploit new processes for recovering low-grad… more

Date: January 1, 1988

Creator: Gray, Leonard W.; Gray, John H.; Blancett, Allen L.; Lower, William M. & Rudisill, Tracy S.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Considerations in recycling contaminated scrap metal and rubble

Management options for the Department of Energy's increasing amounts of contaminated scrap metal and rubble include reuse as is, disposal, and recycling. Recycling, with its promise of resource recovery, virgin materials conservation, and land disposal minimization, emerges as a preferred management technique. Implementing a cost effective recycling program requires resolution of several issues including: establishing release limits for contaminants, controlling use of recycled materials creati… more

Date: January 1, 1992

Creator: Kluk, A.F. (USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)) & Hocking, E.K. (Argonne National Lab., Washington, DC (United States))

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Recovery and reuse of asphalt roofing waste. Final report

Burning of asphalt roofing waste as a fuel and incorporating asphalt roofing waste in bituminous paving were identified as the two outstanding resource recovery concepts out of ten studied. Four additional concepts might be worth considering under different market or technical circumstances. Another four concepts were rated as worth no further consideration at this time. This study of the recovery of the resource represented in asphalt roofing waste has identified the sources and quantities of … more

Date: February 2, 1984

Creator: Desai, S.; Graziano, G. & Shepherd, P.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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St. Louis demonstration final report: refuse processing plant equipment, facilities, and environmental evaluations

The results are presented of processing plant evaluations of the St. Louis-Union Electric Refuse Fuel Project, including equipment and facilities as well as assessment of environmental emissions at both the processing and the power plants. Data on plant material flows and operating parameters, plant operating costs, characteristics of plant material flows, and emissions from various processing operations were obtained during a testing program encompassing 53 calendar weeks. Refuse derived fuel … more

Date: September 1, 1977

Creator: Fiscus, D. E.; Gorman, P. G.; Schrag, M. P. & Shannon, L. J.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

End-crop box counter

A nondestructive assay instrument that measures large quantities of low-enriched uranium metal is described. The assay is based on the spontaneous totals neutron signal.

Date: January 1, 1983

Creator: Sprinkle, J. K. Jr.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Metal-Smelting Facility

Currently there are 90,000 tons of contaminated ferrous and nonferrous scrap metal stored in aboveground scrap yards at the Department of Energy's Uranium Enrichment Facilities in Tennessee, Kentucky, and Ohio. This scrap is primarily contaminated with 100 to 500 ppM uranium at an average enrichment of 1 to 1.5% /sup 235/U. A study was performed that evaluated smelting of the ORGDP metal in a reference facility located at Oak Ridge. The study defined the process systems and baseline requirement… more

Date: January 1, 1982

Creator: Kellogg, D. R.; Mack, J. E.; Thompson, W. T. & Williams, L. C.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Interim report on concreted uranium fines and chips billet curing tests: a basis for resuming shipment of concreted uranium scrap billets

Through extensive testing and analyses of the concretion process, billets and shipping conditions, it has been determined that properly cured concreted billets can be safely shipped to National Lead Company of Ohio (NLO), Fernald. During curing, billets will be dried for 26 days prior to shipment with the last 10 days between 54 to 66/sup 0/C (130 to 150/sup 0/F). Such dried billets can withstand temperatures up to 85/sup 0/C (185/sup 0/F). The maximum billet temperature that can be expected to… more

Date: May 2, 1980

Creator: Weakley, E.A.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Measurements of plutonium residues from recovery processes

Conventional methods of nondestructive assay (NDA) have accurately assayed the plutonium content of many forms of relatively pure and homogeneous bulk items. However, physical and chemical heterogeneities and the high and variable impurity levels of many categories of processing scrap bias the conventional NDA results. The materials also present a significant challenge to the assignment of reference values to process materials for purposes of evaluating the NDA methods. A recent study using imp… more

Date: January 1, 1989

Creator: Hsue, S.-T.; Langner, D. G.; Longmire, V. L.; Menlove, H. O.; Russo, P. A. & Sprinkle, J. K., Jr.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Waste measurements at a plutonium facility

Solid plutonium contaminated wastes are often highly heterogeneous, span a wide range of chemical compositions and matrix types, and are packaged in a variety of container sizes. NDA analysis of this waste depends on operator knowledge of these parameters so that proper segregation, instrument selection, quality assurance, and uncertainty estimation can take place. This report describes current waste measurement practices and uncertainty estimates at a US plutonium scrap recovery facility and p… more

Date: January 1, 1992

Creator: Wachter, J.R.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Mixed waste paper to ethanol fuel

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the use of mixed waste paper for the production of ethanol fuels and to review the available conversion technologies, and assess developmental status, current and future cost of production and economics, and the market potential. This report is based on the results of literature reviews, telephone conversations, and interviews. Mixed waste paper samples from residential and commercial recycling programs and pulp mill sludge provided by Weyerhauser w… more

Date: January 1, 1991

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Experience with confirmatory measurements at the Savannah River Plant

Confirmatory measurements are performed on all category I and II plutonium shipments to the Savannah River Plant (SRP). The primary technique employed has been neutron coincidence counting using three instruments; two slab counters, and a well counter. These measurements have provided the required safeguards features to support the physical security measures already in place for inter-site shipments of special nuclear material (SNM). Similar confirmatory measurements have also been performed on… more

Date: January 1, 1985

Creator: Deason, P. T.; Cadieux, J. R. & Denard, C. D.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Design Requirements for a Metal-Smelting Facility

Functional requirements for the smelting of metal scrap contaminated with low-enriched uranium in a Metal Smelting Faclity (MSF) have been determined. The process will be designed to smelt ferrous metal scrap that has accumulated at the Oak Ridge Gaseous Diffusion Plant (ORGDP) into one-ton ingots at a rate of 40 ingots per day (10,000 tons/year). Total scrap inventories at the ORGDP are currently estimated at 28,000 tons. The diffusion plant scrap is primarily contaminated with 100 to 200 ppm … more

Date: January 1, 1982

Creator: Williams, L. C. & Mack, J. E.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Industrial recovered-materials-utilization targets for the metals and metal-products industry

The National Energy Conservation Policy Act of 1978 directs DOE to set targets for increased utilization of energy-saving recovered materials for certain industries. These targets are to be established at levels representing the maximum feasible increase in utilization of recovered materials that can be achieved progressively by January 1, 1987 and is consistent with technical and economic factors. A benefit to be derived from the increased use of recoverable materials is in energy savings, as … more

Date: March 1, 1980

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Processing Capabilities for the Elimination of Contaminated Metal Scrapyards at DOE/ORO-Managed Sites

Capabilities exist for reducing all the contaminated nickel, aluminum, and copper scrap to ingot form by smelting. Processing these metals at existing facilities could be completed in about 5 or 6 years. However, these metals represent only about 20% of the total metal inventories currently on hand at the DOE/ORO-managed sites. No provisions have been made for the ferrous scrap. Most of the ferrous scrap is unclassified and does not require secured storage. Also, the potential resale value of t… more

Date: January 1, 1982

Creator: Mack, J. E. & Williams, L. C.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Technical assessment of processes to enable recycling of low-level contaminated metal waste

Accumulations of metal waste exhibiting low levels of radioactivity (LLCMW) have become a national burden, both financially and environmentally. Much of this metal could be considered as a resource. The Department of Energy was assigned the task of inventorying and classifying LLCMW, identifying potential applications, and applying and/or developing the technology necessary to enable recycling. One application for recycled LLCMW is high-quality canisters for permanent repository storage of high… more

Date: October 1, 1991

Creator: Reimann, G.A.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Recovery of plutonium by pyroredox processing

Using pyrochemical oxidation and reduction, we have developed a process to recover the plutonium in impure scrap with less than 95% plutonium. This plutonium metal was further purified by pyrochemical electrorefining. During development of the procedures, depleted electrorefining anodes were processed, and over 80% of the plutonium was recovered as high-purity metal in one electrorefining cycle. Over 40 kg of plutonium has been recovered from 55 kg of impure anodes with our procedures. 6 refs.,… more

Date: January 1, 1985

Creator: McNeese, J.A.; Bowersox, D.F. & Christensen, D.C.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Current segmented gamma-ray scanner technology

A new generation of segmented gamma-ray scanners has been developed at Los Alamos for scrap and waste measurements at the Savannah River Plant and the Los Alamos Plutonium Facility. The new designs are highly automated and exhibit special features such as good segmentation and thorough shielding to improve performance.

Date: January 1, 1987

Creator: Bjork, C. W.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Waste systems. Progress report, January 1982-February 1983

A laboratory-scale beryllium electrorefining cell has been placed in operation and metallic beryllium with a purity greater than 99.95% has been produced. Methods of uranium chip disposal have been evaluated by performing bench- and pilot-scale testing and by surveying present chip disposal methods. A design criteria has been completed for a new production uranium chip disposal facility. Two types of cementation immobilization processes are being developed to treat several Rocky Flats wastes wh… more

Date: October 24, 1983

Creator: Hickle, G.L.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Wastes from plutonium conversion and scrap recovery operations

This report deals with the handling of defense-related wastes associated with plutonium processing. It first defines the different waste categories along with the techniques used to assess waste content. It then discusses the various treatment approaches used in recovering plutonium from scrap. Next, it addresses the various waste management approaches necessary to handle all wastes. Finally, there is a discussion of some future areas for processing with emphasis on waste reduction. 91 refs., 2… more

Date: March 1, 1988

Creator: Christensen, D.C.; Bowersox, D.F.; McKerley, B.J. & Nance, R.L.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Approximating conductive ellipsoid inductive responses using static quadrupole moments

Smith and Morrison (2006) developed an approximation for the inductive response of conducting magnetic (permeable) spheroids (e.g., steel spheroids) based on the inductive response of conducting magnetic spheres of related dimensions. Spheroids are axially symmetric objects with elliptical cross-sections along the axis of symmetry and circular cross sections perpendicular to the axis of symmetry. Spheroids are useful as an approximation to the shapes of unexploded ordnance (UXO) for approximati… more

Date: October 1, 2008

Creator: Smith, J. Torquil

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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UXO detection and identification based on intrinsic target polarizabilities: A case history

Electromagnetic induction data parameterized in time dependent object intrinsic polarizabilities allow discrimination of unexploded ordnance (UXO) from false targets (scrap metal). Data from a cart-mounted system designed for discrimination of UXO with 20 mm to 155 mm diameters are used. Discrimination of UXO from irregular scrap metal is based on the principal dipole polarizabilities of a target. A near-intact UXO displays a single major polarizability coincident with the long axis of the obje… more

Date: July 15, 2008

Creator: Gasperikova, E.; Smith, J.T.; Morrison, H.F.; Becker, A. & Kappler, K.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Conceptual Design of a MEDE Treatment System for Sodium Bonded Fuel

Unirradiated sodium bonded metal fuel and casting scrap material containing highly enriched uranium (HEU) is stored at the Materials and Fuels Complex (MFC) on the Idaho National Laboratory (INL). This material, which includes intact fuel assemblies and elements from the Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF) and Experimental Breeder Reactor-II (EBR-II) reactors as well as scrap material from the casting of these fuels, has no current use under the terminated reactor programs for both facilities. The D… more

Date: May 1, 2008

Creator: Baily, Carl E.; Moore, Karen A.; Knight, Collin J.; Wells, Peter B.; Petersen, Paul J.; Siahpush, Ali S. et al.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Major Modification Determination Process Utilized for Proposed Idaho National Laboratory Projects

Over the past three years, several new projects with the potential for major modifications to existing facilities have been considered for implementation at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL). These projects were designated to take place in existing nuclear facilities with existing documented safety analyses. 10 CFR 830.206 requires the contractor for a major modification to a Hazard Category 1, 2, or 3 nuclear facility to obtain Department of Energy (DOE) approval for the nuclear facility des… more

Date: May 1, 2008

Creator: Michael A. Lehto, Ph.D. & Christensen, Boyd D.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Discrimination Report: ESTCP UXO Discrimination Study, ESTCPProject #MM-0437

The FY06 Defense Appropriation contains funding for the 'Development of Advanced, Sophisticated, Discrimination Technologies for UXO Cleanup' in the Environmental Security Technology Certification Program. In 2003, the Defense Science Board observed: 'The problem is that instruments that can detect the buried UXOs also detect numerous scrap metal objects and other artifacts, which leads to an enormous amount of expensive digging. Typically 100 holes may be dug before a real UXO is unearthed! Th… more

Date: December 21, 2007

Creator: Gasperikova, Erika; Smith, J. Torquil; Morrison, H. Frank & Becker, Alex

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department