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Light water reactor fuel reprocessing: dissolution studies of voloxidized fuel

Description: Voloxidation is a proposed head-end process to remove tritium from irradiated LWR fuel by roasting the fuel in the presence of oxygen. The process oxidizes UO/sub 2/ to a fine U/sub 3/O/sub 8/ powder with high surface area for dissolution. Small-scale tests with irradiated Robinson, Oconee, and Saxton reactor fuels have been made to determine the dissolution behavior of both voloxidized and nonvoloxidized (UO/sub 2/) fuel. No significant technical problems were encountered in batch-dissolving o… more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Johnson, D. R. & Stone, J. A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Hybrid equilibrium field coils for the ORNL TNS

Description: In this study, we make a comparative study of the power supplies required by interior and exterior (to the toroidal field (TF) coils) equilibrium field coils that are separately appropriate for high-..beta.., D-shaped plasmas in TNS. It is shown that the interior coils need power supplies that are an order of magnitude below those required by the exterior coils (while the latter case is much less difficult to build than the former). A hybrid EF coil concept is proposed that combines the interio… more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Peng, Y. K. M.; Strickler, D. J. & Dory, R. A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Estimates of post-acceleration longitudinal bunch compression

Description: A simple analytic method is developed, based on physical approximations, for treating transient implosive longitudinal compression of bunches of heavy ions in an accelerator system for ignition of inertial-confinement fusion pellet targets. Parametric dependences of attainable compressions and of beam path lengths and times during compression are indicated for ramped pulsed-gap lines, rf systems in storage and accumulator rings, and composite systems, including sections of free drift. It appear… more
Date: November 25, 1977
Creator: Judd, D.L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

System for unattended surveillance of nuclear reactor behavior

Description: A multivariate statistical pattern recognition system for reactor noise analysis is presented. The basis of the system is a transformation for decoupling correlated variables and algorithms for inferring probability density functions. The system is adaptable to a variety of statistical properties of the data, and it has learning, tracking, updating, and dimensionality reduction capabilities. System design emphasizes control of the false-alarm rate. Its abilities to learn normal patterns and to … more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Gonzalez, R. C. & Howington, L. C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Prediction of limestone requirements for SO/sub 2/ emission control in atmospheric pressure fluidized-bed combustion

Description: The limestone-SO/sub 2/ reactivity as determined on a thermogravimetric analyzer was used to estimate the quantity of limestone required to meet the SO/sub 2/ emission standard in atmospheric fluidized-bed coal combustors. Comparison of laboratory TGA calcium utilization with pilot plant experimental results were made. Estimates of SO/sub 2/ retention in a carbon burnup cell were made for various limestone feed options. From this information, estimates of limestone requirements for an AFBC-CBC … more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Snyder, R. B.; Wilson, W. I. & Johnson, I.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Application of ultrasonic thermometry in LMFBR safety research

Description: Ultrasonic thermometry has many potential applications in reactor safety research, where extremely high temperatures and lack of visual access may preclude the use of conventional diagnostics. An application (the in-core molten fuel pool experiment) will be described in which thoriated tungsten ultrasonic thermometers were used to measure temperatures in UO/sub 2/ to incipient melt (2860/sup 0/). Each thermometer included five sensor elements 10 mm long, providing five temperatures within the U… more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Carlson, G. A.; Sullivan, W. H. & Plein, H. G.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Use of hodoscopes at ISABELLE

Description: A major problem for experimenters designing detectors for use at ISABELLE is the high interaction rate, one event every 25 nanoseconds at a luminosity of 10/sup 33/ cm/sup -2/ sec/sup -1/. Typical multiplicities range from a few at large angles (> approximately 45/sup 0/) to approximately 10 nearer the forward direction. This implies average rates as high as a particle every few nanoseconds. For experiments which require high luminosities, detectors must be designed which have very short (appro… more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Alspector, J. & Miller, R. J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Relative availability of selected trace elements from coal fly ash and Lake Michigan sediment

Description: The concentration of greater than 1 ..mu..m coal fly ash particles in Lake Michigan surface waters was found to be 10/sup 5/ to 10/sup 6/ per liter. With an expected residence time of one year, this concentration implies a flux to the sediment of 10/sup 6/ to 10/sup 7/ particles/cm/sup 2//yr, or about 10/sup -6/ to 10/sup -5/ g/cm/sup 2//yr. The release of trace elements from fly ash and sediment has been studied using Chelex-100 resin to simulate leaching at high dilutions in natural media. Mn… more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Alberts, J.J.; Burger, J.; Kalhorn, S.; Seils, C. & Tisue, T.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Methods for producing the plasma initiation pulse in ohmic heating circuits in tokamak power reactors: resistive dissipation, transient inductive storage, and transient capacitive storage

Description: This paper compares the resistive dissipation method with transient storage methods: inductive and capacitive. While the capacitive method is relatively well known through its variant, the ''Inall circuit,'' the inductive transient storage method to produce the plasma initiation pulse is less well known. It consists of two closely coupled coils, one connected with a system of differentially compounded slow discharge homopolar machines. The magnetic energy is suddenly taken from the ohmic heatin… more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Driga, M. D.; Mayhall, D. J.; Weldon, W. F.; Rylander, H. G. & Woodson, H. H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Review of experiments

Description: A study was made to examine the effects which raising the ISA from 200 x 200 GeV to 400 x 400 GeV would have on the ''canonical'' experiments. These were ''canonical'' in the sense that they span the full range of foreseeable physics and have served as topics in previous Summer Studies and Workshops which resulted in quite explicit hardware designs and experimental goals. The study results indicate that all of the ''canonical'' experiments survive. Some are actually improved, some are unaffecte… more
Date: August 18, 1977
Creator: Chang, C.; Yodh, G.; Cutts, D.; Lanou, R.; Engels, E.; Kramer, M. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Analysis of factors influencing the impingement of threadfin shad (Dorosoma pretenense) at power plants in the southeastern United States

Description: Data on intake design and location, plant operating procedures, water quality, numbers of fish impinged, and sampling procedures were analyzed for 27 fossil-fueled and 5 nuclear power plants located on inland waters in the southeastern United States. Small (less than 9 cm) clupeids, especially threadfin shad (Dorosoma pretenense), comprised the majority of the fish impinged at these facilities. The parameter that was most strongly associated with shad impingement was water temperature. Maximum … more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Loar, J. M.; Griffith, J. S. & Kumar, K. D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Polymer concrete patching materials

Description: The increased use of deicing salts is causing rapid deterioration of portland cement concrete bridge decks. Soluble chlorides cause corrosion of the steel reinforcing rods with a corresponding increase in volume of the rods. This expansion causes stresses in the concrete which result in delaminations and surface spalling. The repair of surface spalls with portland cement concrete can only be made if traffic can be avoided for several days. A patching material which would allow traffic to resume… more
Date: September 1, 1977
Creator: Fontana, J.J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Engineering design solutions of flux swing with structural requirements for ohmic heating solenoids

Description: Here a more detailed publication is summarized which presents analytical methods with solutions that describe the structural behavior of ohmic heating solenoids to achieve a better understanding of the relationships between the functional variables that can provide the basis for recommended design improvements. The solutions relate the requirements imposed by structural integrity to the need for producing sufficient flux swing to initiate a plasma current in the tokamak fusion machine. A method… more
Date: September 30, 1977
Creator: Smith, R. A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Heavy ion reactions in the transition region

Description: Evidence is given for a serious and systematic failure of the DWBA to predict the cross sections for single nucleon transfers induced by heavy ions above about 10 MeV/Nucleon beam energies. This is perhaps related to a coherent coupling to an increasing cross section to the quasi-elastic continuum, which also shows an anomalous energy dependence at about the same energy.
Date: November 1, 1977
Creator: Hendrie, D. L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Scylla IV-P computer based on control and data acquisition system

Description: The main computer is a Prime 300 with 64 K words of main storage, two Tektronix 4010 terminals, a Versatec line printer, a card reader, and two 3 M word disks. The control software is also described along with the data acquisition system. (MOW)
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Conrad, R.; Lillberg, J.W. & Wilkins, R.W.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Thermal responses of tokamak reactor first walls during cyclic plasma burns

Description: The CINDA-3G computer code has been adapted to analyze the thermal responses and operating limitations of two fusion reactor first-wall concepts under normal cyclic operation. A component of an LMFBR computer has been modified and adapted to analyze the ablative behavior of first-walls after a plasma disruption. The first-wall design concepts considered are a forced-circulation water-cooled stainless steel panel with and without a monolithic graphite liner. The thermal gradients in the metal wa… more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Smith, D. L. & Charak, I.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Engineering problems of future neutral beam injectors

Description: Because there is no limit to the energy or power that can be delivered by a neutral-beam injector, its use will be restricted by either its cost, size, or reliability. Studies show that these factors can be improved by the injector design, and several examples, taken from mirror reactor studies, are given.
Date: November 23, 1977
Creator: Fink, J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Limits to Ductility Set by Plastic Flow Localization

Description: The theory of strain localization is reviewed with reference both to local necking in sheet metal forming processes and to more general three dimensional shear band localizations that sometimes mark the onset of ductile rupture. Both bifurcation behavior and the growth of initial imperfections are considered. In addition to analyses based on classical Mises-like constitutive laws, approaches to localization based on constitutive models that may more accurately model processes of slip and progre… more
Date: November 1, 1977
Creator: Needleman, A. & Rice, J. R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Improved reactivity monitor using a shuttling /sup 252/Cf source

Description: A technique for measuring reactivities of moderated arrays of nuclear fuels with a shuttling /sup 252/Cf source has been significantly extended and refined. In the old method, the shuttle time was so short that details of the delayed neutron time behavior could be neglected. Specifically, the average delayed neutron population during the ''On'' part of the cycles was assumed to be equal to that during the ''Off'' part. In the new method, the detailed behavior of the delayed neutrons is explicit… more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Baumann, N.P. & Jarriel, J.L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Effects of a hypothetical loss-of-coolant accident on a Mark I Boiling Water Reactor pressure-suppression system

Description: A loss-of-coolant accident (LOCA) in a boiling-water-reactor (BWR) power plant has never occurred. However, because this type of accident could be particularly severe, it is used as a principal theoretical basis for design. A series of consistent, versatile, and accurate air-water tests that simulate LOCA conditions has been completed on a /sup 1///sub 5/-scale Mark I BWR pressure-suppression system. Results from these tests are used to quantify the vertical-loading function and to study the as… more
Date: December 22, 1977
Creator: Pitts, J.H. & McCauley, E.W.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

High-temperature borate liquids: physical properties of glass-forming compositions

Description: Several experimental routes can be used to develop a better understanding of the polymeric constitution (polyanionic and/or polyhedral distribution) of borate, germanate, and silicate glasses. Spectral, chemical, physical-chemical, and mechanical property information can be determined directly for the glass compositions of interest. Generally, only physical-chemical information is readily accessible for the corresponding high temperature liquids. It will be shown that information on each state … more
Date: May 6, 1977
Creator: Riebling, E.F.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Auger study of surface carbon and oxygen on thorium following ion bombardment

Description: The composition of a thorium metal surface has been monitored using Auger electron spectroscopy following Ar/sup +/ bombardment at different temperatures. After extended Ar/sup +/ bombardment, enough contaminated overlayers were removed to expose a surface region containing only thorium, bulk impurities, and imbedded argon. The main impurities, carbon and oxygen, differed in their behavior when the sample was annealed following bombardment. The amount of surface carbon either increased or remai… more
Date: November 17, 1977
Creator: Bastasz, R. & Colmenares, C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Potential energy savings in commercial/residential communities based on integrated systems design

Description: Integrated Community Energy Systems (ICES) offer the potential of meeting the total energy requirements of communities in an energy-conserving cost-effective manner. This is accomplished mainly by (1) utilizing waste heat from electrical power generation, (2) using solid waste to help meet thermal and fuel energy demands, (3) using solar and other advanced technologies either in a central plant or dispersed in the community, and (4) developing control and operating strategies along with energy-… more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Holtz, R.E. & Marciniak, T.J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Protection of neutral-beam accelerator electrodes from spark discharges

Description: The high-voltage (HV) electrodes of neutral beam sources (NBS's) must be protected from occasional sparks to ground. Spark currents can be limited with special transformers and reactors which introduce time delays that are long enough to quench the spark or to disconnect the energy source. A saturated time delay transformer (STDT) connected in series with the HV power supply detects spark faults and limits the current supplied by the power supply and its capacitance to ground; it also initiates… more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Praeg, W. F.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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