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Acceleration of compact torus plasma rings in a coaxial rail-gun

Description: We discuss here theoretical studies of magnetic acceleration of Compact Torus plasma rings in a coaxial, rail-gun accelerator. The rings are formed using a magnetized coaxial plasma gun and are accelerated by injection of B/sub theta/ flux from an accelerator bank. After acceleration, the rings enter a focusing cone where the ring is decelerated and reduced in radius. As the ring radius decreases, the ring magnetic energy increases until it equals the entering kinetic energy and the ring stagna… more
Date: May 16, 1985
Creator: Hartman, C. W.; Hammer, J. H. & Eddleman, J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Furnace Blower Electricity: National and Regional Savings Potential

Description: Currently, total electricity consumption of furnaces is unregulated, tested at laboratory conditions using the DOE test procedure, and is reported in the GAMA directory as varying from 76 kWh/year to 1,953 kWh/year. Furnace blowers account for about 80percent of the total furnace electricity consumption and are primarily used to distribute warm air throughout the home during furnace operation as well as distribute cold air during air conditioning operation. Yet the furnace test procedure does n… more
Date: May 16, 2008
Creator: Center, Florida Solar Energy; Franco, Victor; Franco, Victor; Lutz, Jim; Lekov, Alex & Gu, Lixing
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Effect of Titanium Substitution on the Compatiblity of Electrodeswith Pyrrolidinium-Based Ionic Liquid Electrolytes

Description: The quest for the development of rechargeable lithium-metal batteries has attracted vigorous worldwide research efforts because this system offers the highest theoretical specific energy [1]. For this to be achieved, the repetitive deposition and stripping of lithium must be close to fully reversible. Thus, alternative electrolytes have been investigated, such as the room-temperature ionic liquid (RTILs). Lithium can be cycled with a high degree of reversibility with efficiencies exceeding 99% … more
Date: May 16, 2007
Creator: Saint, Juliette A.; Shin, Joon-Ho; Best, Adam; Hollenkamp,Anthony; Kerr, John & Doeff, Marca M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

The Assembly of Galaxy Clusters

Description: We study the formation of fifty-three galaxy cluster-size dark matter halos (M = 10{sup 14.0-14.76} M{sub {circle_dot}}) formed within a pair of cosmological {Lambda}CDM N-body simulations, and track the accretion histories of cluster subhalos with masses large enough to host {approx} 0.1L{sub *} galaxies. By associating subhalos with cluster galaxies, we find the majority of galaxies in clusters experience no 'pre-processing' in the group environment prior to their accretion into the cluster. … more
Date: May 16, 2008
Creator: Berrier, Joel C.; Stewart, Kyle R.; Bullock, James S.; Purcell, Chris W.; Barton, Elizabeth J. & Wechsler, Risa H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Toroidally Asymmetric Distributions of Hydrocarbon (CD) Emission and Chemical Sputtering Sources in DIII-D

Description: Measurements in DIII-D show that the carbon chemical sputtering sources along the inner divertor and center post are toroidally periodic and highest at the upstream tile edge. Imaging with a tangentially viewing camera and visible spectroscopy were used to monitor the emission from molecular hydrocarbons (CH/CD) at 430.8 nm and deuterium neutrals in attached and partially detached divertors of low-confinement mode plasmas. In contrast to the toroidally periodic CD distribution, emission from de… more
Date: May 16, 2006
Creator: Groth, M.; Brooks, N. H.; Fenstermacher, M. E.; Lasnier, C. J.; McLean, A. G. & Watkins, J. G.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Autocatalytic water dissociation on Cu(110) at near ambient conditions

Description: Autocatalytic dissociation of water on the Cu(110) metal surface is demonstrated based on X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies carried out in-situ under near ambient conditions of water vapor pressure (1 Torr) and temperature (275-520 K). The autocatalytic reaction is explained as the result of the strong hydrogen-bond in the H{sub 2}O-OH complex of the dissociated final state, which lowers the water dissociation barrier according to the Broensted-Evans-Polanyi relations. A simple chemical … more
Date: May 16, 2007
Creator: Mulleregan, Alice; Andersson, Klas; Ketteler, Guido; Bluhm, Hendrik; Yamamoto, Susumu; Ogasawara, Hirohito et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Classification of Multiple Types of Organic Carbon Composition in Atmospheric Particles by Scanning Transmission X-Ray Microscopy Analysis

Description: A scanning transmission X-ray microscope at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory is used to measure organic functional group abundance and morphology of atmospheric aerosols. We present a summary of spectra, sizes, and shapes observed in 595 particles that were collected and analyzed between 2000 and 2006. These particles ranged between 0.1 and 12 mm and represent aerosols found in a large range of geographical areas, altitudes, and times. They include samples from seven different field ca… more
Date: May 16, 2007
Creator: Kilcoyne, Arthur L; Takahama, S.; Gilardoni, S.; Russell, L.M. & Kilcoyne, A.L.D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Simulations of liquid ribidium expanded to the critical density

Description: Quantum molecular dynamic simulations were used to examine the change in atomic and electronic structure in liquid rubidium along its liquid-vapor coexistence curve. Starting from the liquid at the triple point, with increasing expansion we observe a continuous increase in the electron localization leading to ion clustering near the metal-nonmetal transition at about twice the critical density, in agreement with electrical measurements, and to the presence of dimers near and below the critical … more
Date: May 16, 2006
Creator: Ross, M; Yang, L H & Pilgrim, W
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Status And Prospects of the BaBar SVT

Description: The BABAR Silicon Vertex Tracker (SVT) has been efficiently operated for five years since the start of data taking in 1999. It has met design requirements and no degradation in its performance has been observed thus far. However, because of higher than expected background levels, and anticipated further increases in luminosity and dose rates, we have done a thorough study to assess the viability of operating the SVT until the end of the decade.
Date: May 16, 2006
Creator: Re, V.; Bruinsma, M.; Curry, S.; Kirkby, D.; Berryhill, J.; Burke, S. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Electronics for Satellite Experiments

Description: The tracking detector for the LAT science instrument on the GLAST mission is an example of a large-scale particle detection system built primarily by particle physicists for space flight within the context of a NASA program. The design and fabrication model in most ways reflected practice and experience from particle physics, but the quality assurance aspects were guided by NASA. Similarly, most of the electronics in the LAT as a whole were designed and built by staff at a particle physics lab.… more
Date: May 16, 2006
Creator: Johnson, Robert P. & /UC, Santa Cruz
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Merger Histories of Galaxy Halos and Implications for Disk Survival

Description: The authors study the merger histories of galaxy dark matter halos using a high resolution {Lambda}CDM N-body simulation. The merger trees follow {approx} 17,000 halos with masses M{sub 0} = (10{sup 11} - 10{sup 13})h{sup -1}M{sub {circle_dot}} at z = 0 and track accretion events involving objects as small as m {approx_equal} 10{sup 10} h{sup -1}M{sub {circle_dot}}. They find that mass assembly is remarkably self-similar in m/M{sub 0}, and dominated by mergers that are {approx}10% of the final … more
Date: May 16, 2008
Creator: Stewart, Kyle R.; Bullock, James S.; Wechsler, Risa H.; Maller, Ariyeh H. & Zentner, Andrew R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Feasibility of Diffraction Radiation for a Non-invasive Diagnostics of the SLAC Electron Beam

Description: The development of the non-invasive bunch size diagnostics based on the diffraction radiation is now in progress in frame of TPU-KEK-SLAC collaboration. The experimental test of a transverse beam size measurement was performed successful on the KEK-ATF extracted electron beam. However many difficulties emerge if we going from the one GeV electron energy to the several tenth GeV electron beams. The extremely high Lorenz-factor value gives rise to the some problems, such as large contribution of … more
Date: May 16, 2006
Creator: Naumenko, G.; Potylitsyn, A.; U., /Tomsk Polytechnic; Araki, S.; Aryshev, A.; Hayano, H. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Managing Carbon Regulatory Risk in Utility Resource Planning:Current Practices in the Western United States

Description: Concerns about global climate change have substantially increased the likelihood that future policy will seek to minimize carbon dioxide emissions. Assuch, even today, electric utilities are making resource planning and investment decisions that consider the possible implications of these future carbon regulations. In this article, we examine the manner in which utilities assess the financial risks associated with future carbon regulations within their long-term resource plans. We base our anal… more
Date: May 16, 2008
Creator: Barbose, Galen; Wiser, Ryan; Phadke, Amol & Goldman, Charles
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Performances of Induction System for Nanosecond Mode Operation

Description: An induction system comprises an array of single turn pulse transformers. Ferromagnetic cores of transformers are toroids that are stacked along the longitudinal core axis. Another name for this array is a fraction transformer or an adder. The primary and secondary windings of such a design have one turn. The step up mode is based on the number of primary pulse sources. The secondary windings are connected in series. Performances of such a system for the nanosecond range mode operation are diff… more
Date: May 16, 2006
Creator: Krasnykh, Anatoly
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Geometrical Effects in Plasma Stability and Dynamics of Coherent Structures in the Divertor

Description: Plasma dynamics in the divertor region is strongly affected by a variety of phenomena associated with the magnetic field geometry and the shape of the divertor plates. One of the most universal effects is the squeezing of a normal cross-section of a thin magnetic flux-tube on its way from the divertor plate to the main SOL. It leads to decoupling of the most unstable perturbations in the divertor legs from those in the main SOL. For perturbations on either side of the X-point, this effect can b… more
Date: May 16, 2007
Creator: Ryutov, D. D. & Cohen, R. H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Direct drive heavy-ion-beam inertial fusion at high coupling efficiency

Description: Issues with coupling efficiency, beam illumination symmetry, and Rayleigh-Taylor instability are discussed for spherical heavy-ion-beam-driven targets with and without hohlraums. Efficient coupling of heavy-ion beams to compress direct-drive inertial fusion targets without hohlraums is found to require ion range increasing several-fold during the drive pulse. One-dimensional implosion calculations using the LASNEX inertial confinement fusion target physics code shows the ion range increasing fo… more
Date: May 16, 2008
Creator: Logan, B. G.; Perkins, L. J. & Barnard, J. J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Energy Efficiency Standards and Labels in North America: Opportunities for Harmonization

Description: To support the North American Energy Working Group's Expert Group on Energy Efficiency (NAEWG-EE), USDOE commissioned the Collaborative Labeling and Appliance Standards Program (CLASP) to prepare a resource document comparing current standards, labels, and test procedure regulations in Canada, Mexico, and the United States. The resulting document reached the following conclusions: Out of 24 energy-using products for which at least one of the three countries has energy efficiency regulations, th… more
Date: May 16, 2002
Creator: Vanwiemcgrory, Laura; Wiel, Stephen; Van Wie McGrory, Laura & Harrington, Lloyd
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Activity Coefficient Derivatives of Ternary Systems Based on Scatchard's Neutral Electrolyte description

Description: Activity coefficient derivatives with respect to molality are presented for the Scatchard Neutral Electrolyte description of a ternary common-ion electrolyte system. These quantities are needed for the calculation of 'diffusion Onsager coefficients' and in turn for tests of the Onsager Reciprocal Relations in diffusion. The usually-omitted b{sub 23} term is included. The direct SNE binary approximations and a further approximation are discussed. Binary evaluation strategies other than constant … more
Date: May 16, 2007
Creator: Miller, D. G.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Absolute sensitivity calibration of extreme ultraviolet photoresists

Description: One of the major challenges facing the commercialization of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography remains simultaneously achieving resist sensitivity, line-edge roughness, and resolution requirement. Sensitivity is of particular concern owing to its direct impact on source power requirements. Most current EUV exposure tools have been calibrated against a resist standard with the actual calibration of the standard resist dating back to EUV exposures at Sandia National Laboratories in the mid 199… more
Date: May 16, 2008
Creator: Jones, Juanita; Naulleau, Patrick P.; Gullikson, Eric M.; Aquila, Andrew; George, Simi & Niakoula, Dimitra
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Unique portable signal acquisition/processing station

Description: At Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, there are experimental applications requiring digital signal acquisition as well as data reduction and analysis. A prototype Signal Acquisition/Processing Station (SAPS) has been constructed and is currently undergoing tests. The system employs an LSI-11/23 computer with Data Translation analog-to-digital hardware. SAPS is housed in a roll-around cart which has been designed to withstand most subtle EMI/RFI environments. A user-friendly menu allows a u… more
Date: May 16, 1983
Creator: Garron, R. D. & Azevedo, S. G.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Temperature-Initiated Passive Cooling System (TIPACS)

Description: The Temperature-Initiated Passive Cooling System (TIPACS) is a recently invented passive cooling system that transfers heat from a hot, insulated system to a cooler, external environment. TIPACS has four defining characteristics: efficient heat-transfer, passive with no moving components, thermal switch mechanism that allows heat transfer only above a preset temperature, and one-way (heat diode) heat transfer. Example applications include cooling (1) building attics, (2) electrical sheds, (3) c… more
Date: May 16, 1994
Creator: Forsberg, C. W. & Conklin, J. C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

The influence of phase changes on debris-cloud interactions with protected structures

Description: The physical state of the debris cloud generated by the interaction of a projectile with a thin target depends on the energy balance associated with above the sound speeds of the impact event. At impact velocities well materials involved, the cloud is expected to be primarily molten, but with some vapor present. A series of numerical calculations using the multi-dimensional finite-difference hydrocode CTH has been used to evaluate the effect of phase changes (i.e., different vapor fractions) on… more
Date: May 16, 1994
Creator: Lawrence, R. J.; Kmetyk, L. N. & Chhabildas, L. C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

A centralized audio presentation manager

Description: The centralized audio presentation manager addresses the problems which occur when multiple programs running simultaneously attempt to use the audio output of a computer system. Time dependence of sound means that certain auditory messages must be scheduled simultaneously, which can lead to perceptual problems due to psychoacoustic phenomena. Furthermore, the combination of speech and nonspeech audio is examined; each presents its own problems of perceptibility in an acoustic environment compos… more
Date: May 16, 1994
Creator: Papp, A. L. III & Blattner, M. M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

High Current Energy Recovery Linac at Bnl.

Description: We present the design and parameters of an energy recovery linac (ERL) facility, which is under construction in the Collider-Accelerator Department at BNL. This R&D facility has the goal of demonstrating CW operation of an ERL with an average beam current in the range of 0.1-1 ampere and with very high efficiency of energy recovery. The possibility of a future upgrade to a two-pass ERL is also being considered. The heart of the facility is a 5-cell 703.75 MHz super-conducting RF linac with … more
Date: May 16, 2005
Creator: Litvinenko, V. N.; Ben-Zvi, Ilan; Barton, D. S. & Al., Et
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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