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The Medical Device Excise Tax: Economic Analysis

Description: This report reviews the issues surrounding the medical devices tax within the framework of basic principles surrounding the choice of commodities to tax under excise taxes. The next section describes the tax and its legislative origins. After that, the report analyzes the arguments for retaining and repealing the tax.
Date: December 23, 2013
Creator: Gravelle, Jane G. & Lowry, Sean
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Eligibility and Determination of Health Insurance Premium Tax Credits and Cost-Sharing Subsidies: In Brief

Description: Certain individuals without access to subsidized health insurance coverage may be eligible for premium tax credits, as established under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA; P.L. 111-148, as amended). This report examines these tax credits and their eligibility requirements, as well as cost-sharing subsidies.
Date: March 23, 2016
Creator: Fernandez, Bernadette
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Tax Havens: International Tax Avoidance and Evasion

Description: The first section of this report reviews what countries might be considered tax havens, including a discussion of the Organization for Economic Development and Cooperation (OECD) initiatives and lists. The next two sections discuss, in turn, the corporate profit-shifting mechanisms and evidence on the existence and magnitude of profit shifting activity. The following two sections provide the same analysis for individual tax evasion. The report concludes with overviews of alternative policy opti… more
Date: January 23, 2013
Creator: Gravelle, Jane G.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Recently Expired Individual Tax Provisions (Tax Extenders"): In Brief

Description: This report provides background information on individual income tax provisions that expired in 2016. Information on costs associated with extending individual income tax expired provisions is provided in Table 1. The provisions that were extended in the PATH Act were extended for two years, retroactive for 2015 and through 2016. The estimated cost to make expired provisions permanent is as reported by the Congressional Budget Office (CBO). The CBO reports estimated deficit effects of extending… more
Date: August 23, 2017
Creator: Sherlock, Molly F.; Keightley, Mark P.; Gravelle, Jane G.; Lowry, Sean & Driessen, Grant A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

ACA: A Brief Overview of the Law, Implementation, and Legal Challenges

Description: This report summarizes the Affordable Care Act (ACA) and the legal challenges it has faced. The report contains information on various lawsuits due to the ACA and provides the reasoning behind them as Congress violating its enumerated powers in the constitution. Moreover, the report covers the challenges of implementing the law.
Date: March 23, 2012
Creator: Redhead, C. Stephen; Staman, Jennifer; Burrows, Vanessa K. & Fernandez, Bernadette
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

The 2001 and 2003 Bush Tax Cuts and Deficit Reduction

Description: This report uses the context of the current and long-term economic environment to examine the tax cuts implemented by the George W. Bush Administration, including the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001 and the Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003.
Date: July 23, 2012
Creator: Hungerford, Thomas L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Estate Tax Options

Description: After a brief description of the estate and gift tax and of options, this report compares the alternatives, focusing largely on a $1 million exemption and 55% rate, a $3.5 million exemption and a 45% rate, and a $5 million exemption and a 35% rate. Several policy effects and issues are analyzed: the share of decedents subject to tax, revenue effects, distributional effects, and effects on savings, charitable contributions, and compliance and administration. The report also considers other aspec… more
Date: April 23, 2010
Creator: Gravelle, Jane G.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Alcohol Fuels Tax Incentive

Description: This report discusses federal tax subsidies for alcohol transportation fuels, as well as legislative actions underway to repeal, extend, or reduce them.
Date: June 23, 1999
Creator: Lazzari, Salvatore
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

The Federal Income Tax and the Treatment of Married Couples: Background and Analysis

Description: Defining the married couple as a single tax unit under the federal individual income tax means that some married couples pay more income tax than they would as two unmarried singles (a marriage tax penalty) while other married couples pay less income tax than they would as two unmarried singles (a marriage tax bonus).
Date: March 23, 2001
Creator: Esenwein, Gregg A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Energy Tax Policy

Description: Omnibus energy legislation (H.R. 4) that is now in conference would expand energy tax incentives significantly. The House passed the bill on August 2, 2001, and the Senate approved its version April 25, 2002. Several energy tax issues are addressed in these bills: 1) tax incentives to increase the supply of oil and gas, and the demand for coal; 2) energy tax issues relating to energy conservation and energy efficiency; 3) energy tax issues relating to alternative fuels; 4) selected issues relat… more
Date: August 23, 2002
Creator: Lazzari, Salvatore
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Flat Tax Proposals and Fundamental Tax Reform: An Overview

Description: President George W. Bush has stated that tax reform is one of his top priorities in the 109th Congress. On January 7, 2005, he appointed a nine-member bipartisan panel to study the “complicated mess” posed by the federal tax code and to propose options to reform the code.
Date: March 23, 2005
Creator: Bickley, James M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Energy Tax Policy

Description: Omnibus energy legislation (H.R. 4) that is now in conference would expand energy tax incentives significantly. The House passed the bill on August 2, 2001, and the Senate approved its version April 25, 2002. Several energy tax issues are addressed in these bills: 1) tax incentives to increase the supply of oil and gas, and the demand for coal; 2) energy tax issues relating to energy conservation and energy efficiency; 3) energy tax issues relating to alternative fuels; 4) selected issues relat… more
Date: May 23, 2003
Creator: Lazzari, Salvatore
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Estate Tax: Legislative Activity in 2002

Description: The provisions of the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001 (EGTRRA, P.L. 107-16) are scheduled to sunset on December 31, 2010. On April 18, 2002, the House passed legislation, H.R. 586, that would remove the sunset provision and thereby make permanent all other provisions of the tax cut law enacted in June 2001. This includes making permanent the repeal of the estate tax. On June 6, the House passed a free-standing estate tax repeal bill. H.R. 2143 would remove the sunset p… more
Date: July 23, 2002
Creator: Noto, Nonna A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Should Credit Unions Be Taxed?

Description: Credit unions are financial cooperatives organized by people with a common bond; they are the only depository institutions that are exempt from the federal corporate income tax. As financial cooperatives, credit unions only accept deposits of members and make loans only to members, other credit unions, or credit union organizations. Many Members of Congress advocate a reliance on market forces rather than tax policy to allocate resources. Furthermore, some Members of Congress are interested in … more
Date: May 23, 2005
Creator: Bickley, James M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Budget Surpluses: Economic Effects of Debt Repayment, Tax Cuts, or Spending - An Overview

Description: Updated projections released on July 15 by the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) indicate budget surpluses rising from $63 billion (0.9% of GDP) in FY1998 to more than $100 billion (1.3% to 1.5% of GDP) from FY2002 through FY2005 and over $200 billion (1.8% to 1.9%) from FY2006 through FY2008.1
Date: July 23, 1998
Creator: Cox, William
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Fact Sheet on Congressional Tax Proposals in the 108th Congress

Description: This report discusses the President, House and Senate tax proposals. Beyond the comprehensive tax proposals, both the House and the Senate have considered a range of targeted tax proposals. One of the first tax-related measures considered during the 108th Congress would provide tax reductions to armed services personnel. Congress has also initiated reconsideration of legislation not completed in the 107th Congress: tax incentives for charitable giving deductions, pension diversification, energy… more
Date: May 23, 2003
Creator: Richards, Don C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Estate Tax Legislation in the 108th Congress

Description: Under provisions of the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001 (EGTRRA, P.L. 107-16, enacted June 7, 2001), the estate tax is scheduled to be repealed in 2010 but reinstated in 2011. All tax cut provisions of EGTRRA are scheduled to sunset on December 31, 2010. This report tracks actions in the 108th Congress to permanently repeal the estate tax or to retain but alter the tax.
Date: April 23, 2003
Creator: Noto, Nonna A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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