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Calculations of increased solar UV fluxes and DUV doses due to stratospheric-ozone depletions

Description: Accurate radiative transfer calculations are performed in the middle ultraviolet spectral region for aerosol-loaded atmospheres with the goal of determining the solar irradiance at the ground and quantifying the irradiance perturbations due to the presence of aerosols and various ozone depletions. The extent of the increase of UV-B radiation as a function of wave-length and solar zenith angle is calculated for five model atmospheres. In addition, the damaging ultraviolet dose rates and radiatio… more
Date: February 1, 1982
Creator: Zardecki, A. & Gerstl, S.A.W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Steady-state and transient modeling of tracer and nutrient distributions in the global ocean

Description: The deep circulation model developed by Wright and Stocker has been used to represent the latitude-depth distributions of temperature, salinity, radiocarbon and color'' tracers in the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian Oceans. Restoring temperature and salinity to observed surface data the model shows a global thermohaline circulation where deep water is formed in the North Atlantic and in the Southern Ocean. A parameter study reveals that the high-latitude surface salinity determines the composition… more
Date: March 26, 1992
Creator: Stocker, T.F. & Broecker, W.S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Suncatcher and cool pool. Project report

Description: The Suncatcher is a simple, conical solar concentrating device that captures light entering clerestory windows and directs it onto thermal storage elements at the back of a south facing living space. The cone shape and inclination are designed to capture low angle winter sunlight and to reflect away higher angle summer sunlight. It is found that winter radiation through a Suncatcher window is 40 to 50% higher than through an ordinary window, and that the average solar fraction is 59%. Water-fil… more
Date: March 1, 1981
Creator: Hammond, J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Quantifying lifetime exposure to ultraviolet radiation in the epidemiology of cutaneous malignant melanoma: A pilot study

Description: This pilot study uses a unique method to calculate cumulative lifetime exposure to, ultraviolet radiation-b to determine if this refined method would indicate differences in lifetime cumulative UVB exposure between age and sex matched controls. Forty-four age and sex matched cases and controls demonstrated no significant difference in mean cumulative lifetime UVB exposure based on the duration and location of residence. This pilot study suggests that further analysis of the dataset should be co… more
Date: October 1, 1992
Creator: Lea, C.S.; Selvin, S. (California Univ., Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Biomedical and Environmental Health Sciences Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA (United States)); Buffler, P.A. (California Univ., Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Biomedical and Environmental Health Sciences); Scotto, J. (National Cancer Inst., Bethesda, MD (United States). Biostatistics Branch) & Berwick, M. (Cancer Pre
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Influence of present and possible future aircraft emissions on the global ozone distribution

Description: This study has used the LLNL two-dimensional model of the global atmosphere in an evaluation of the effects on global ozone concentrations from current subsonic aircraft emissions and from the emissions of possible future high speed civil transports (HSCT). The authors have attempted to include more realistic representations of emissions as a function of altitude and latitude in these scenarios than were included in previous sensitivity analyses. Major findings from this study are: (1) Current … more
Date: October 1, 1990
Creator: Kinnison, D.E. & Wuebles, D.J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Steady-state and transient modeling of tracer and nutrient distributions in the global ocean. Progress report, June 1, 1991--March 31, 1992

Description: The deep circulation model developed by Wright and Stocker has been used to represent the latitude-depth distributions of temperature, salinity, radiocarbon and ``color`` tracers in the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian Oceans. Restoring temperature and salinity to observed surface data the model shows a global thermohaline circulation where deep water is formed in the North Atlantic and in the Southern Ocean. A parameter study reveals that the high-latitude surface salinity determines the compositi… more
Date: March 26, 1992
Creator: Stocker, T. F. & Broecker, W. S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Interpreting the implied meridional oceanic energy transport in AMIP

Description: The Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP) was outlined in Paper No. CLIM VAR 2.3 (entitled {open_quote}The validation of ocean surface heat fluxes in AMIP`) of these proceedings. Preliminary results of AMIP subproject No. 5 were also summarized. In particular, zonally averaged ocean surface heat fluxes resulting from various AMIP simulations were intercompared, and to the extent possible they were validated with uncertainties in observationally-based estimates of surface heat fluxes.… more
Date: September 1, 1993
Creator: Randall, D. A. & Gleckler, P. J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Quantifying lifetime exposure to ultraviolet radiation in the epidemiology of cutaneous malignant melanoma: A pilot study

Description: This pilot study uses a unique method to calculate cumulative lifetime exposure to, ultraviolet radiation-b to determine if this refined method would indicate differences in lifetime cumulative UVB exposure between age and sex matched controls. Forty-four age and sex matched cases and controls demonstrated no significant difference in mean cumulative lifetime UVB exposure based on the duration and location of residence. This pilot study suggests that further analysis of the dataset should be co… more
Date: October 1, 1992
Creator: Lea, C. S.; Selvin, S.; Buffler, P. A.; Scotto, J. & Berwick, M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Stable auroral red arcs

Description: Sar-arcs are diffuse, persistent, practically monochromatic ( lambda lambda 6300 to 64A) auroral forms peculiar to mid-latitude regions of Earth. Measurements of such parameters as spectral composition, geomagnetic location, range of intensity, and frequency of occurrence lead to the conclusion that the phenomenon is due to the excitation of atomic oxygen by hot electrons in the plasmapause region. However, on the basis of the the data available, it is not clear whether fresh electrons are prec… more
Date: January 1, 1973
Creator: Hoch, R.J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Scenario and parameter studies on global deposition of radioactivity using the computer model GLODEP2

Description: The GLODEP2 computer code was utilized to determine biological impact to humans on a global scale using up-to-date estimates of biological risk. These risk factors use varied biological damage models for assessing effects. All the doses reported are the unsheltered, unweathered, smooth terrain, external gamma dose. We assume the unperturbed atmosphere in determining injection and deposition. Effects due to ''nuclear winter'' may invalidate this assumption. The calculations also include scenario… more
Date: August 1, 1984
Creator: Shapiro, C. S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Impacts of microphysics, radiation and environmental winds in mid-latitude and tropical squall-line systems, and their climatic implications

Description: Cloud-radiation feedback has been identified as the most important factor limiting general circulation models (GCMS) to further progress in climate change research (Cess et al., 1989). It is also regarded as a major uncertainty in estimating the impact of greenhouse gases on climate simulations. As a result, many GCMs showed high sensitivity to the treatment of clouds and cloud radiative properties. Therefore, a better understanding of cloud-radiation feedback on the large-scale environment is … more
Date: August 1, 1994
Creator: Chin, Hung-Neng
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The North Slope of Alaska: ARM`S Window on High Latitude Phenomena

Description: A major thrust of the Atmospheric Radiation Measurements (ARM) Program is the establishment of 5 primary and 4 supplementary Cloud and Radiation Testbed (CART) sites. The CART sites will provide the means to acquire the necessary data to test and further develop the components of GCMs (General Circulation Models) which describe the relationships between the characteristics of the atmosphere and the solar and thermal radiation which passes through it. The CART Locale Recommendation Team has pres… more
Date: October 1, 1991
Creator: Zak, B. D. & Stamnes, K.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Calculation of monthly average insolation on tilted surfaces

Description: Several simplified design procedures for solar energy systems require monthly average meteorological data. Monthly average daily totals of the solar radiation incident on a horizontal surface are available. However, radiation data on tilted surfaces, required by the design procedures, are generally not available. A simple method of estimating the average daily radiation for each calendar month on surfaces facing directly towards the equator has been presented by Liu and Jordan. This method is v… more
Date: January 1, 1976
Creator: Klein, S. A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Electrons at low altitudes: a difficult background problem for soft x-ray astronomy

Description: Quasi-trapped and precipitating electrons have been observed with rocket- borne x-ray asironomy detectors in the altitude range 150 to 500 km. Because the flights occurred at low magnetic latitudes the electrons were unexpected. Data from many flights are combined to derive altitude dependence, an average electron spec, trum, and variation with solar activity. Development of electronrejecting collimators is discussed, and laboratory and flight data on these collimators are presented. (auth)
Date: October 24, 1973
Creator: Seward, F. D.; Grader, R. J.; Toor, A.; Burginyon, G. A. & Hill, R. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Development and testing of an aerosol/stratus cloud parameterization scheme for middle and high latitudes. Year 3 technical progress report, November 1, 1996--August 31, 1997

Description: At the present time, general circulation models (GCMs) poorly represent clouds, to the extent that they cannot be relied upon to simulate the climatic effects of increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases, or of anthropogenic perturbations to concentrations of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) or ice nuclei (IN). The net radiative forcing of clouds varies strongly with latitude. Poleward of 30 degrees in both hemispheres, low-level clouds create a net cooling effect corresponding to radiative … more
Date: September 2, 1997
Creator: Kreidenweis, S.M. & Cotton, W.R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Action spectrum for melanoma induction in hybrid fish of the genus Xiphophorus

Description: Cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) is a complicated disease that is dependent on a number of factors that influence its incidence in ways that are quantitatively uncertain. The incidence of CMM increases with proximity to the Equator -- an observation in line with the conclusion that sun exposure is the most important etiologic agent. However, the latitude effect does not implicate UVB because the intensities of all spectral regions increase toward the Equator. An understanding of the useful pu… more
Date: March 1, 1997
Creator: Setlow, R. B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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O{sub 3} and stratospheric H{sub 2}O radiative forcing resulting from a supersonic jet transport emission scenario

Description: The tropospheric radiative forcing has been calculated for ozone and water vapor perturbations caused by a realistic High Speed Civil Transport (HSCT) aircraft emission scenario. Atmospheric profiles of water vapor and ozone were obtained using the LLNL 2-D chemical-radiative-transport model (CRT) of the global troposphere and stratosphere. IR radiative forcing calculations were made with the LLNL correlated k-distribution radiative transfer model. UV-Visible-Near IR radiative forcing calculati… more
Date: January 1, 1996
Creator: Grossman, A.S.; Kinnison, D.E.; Penner, J.E.; Grant, K.E.; Tamaresis, J. & Connell, P.S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Effects of corotating interaction regions on ULYSSES high energy particles

Description: Since June 1992 the Kiel Electron Telescope on board ULYSSES measures variations of more than 10% in the fluxes of high energy H and He showing a periodicity of about 26 days in coincidence with the passage of corotating interaction regions. (CIR). At low energies MeV protons are accelerated at the shocks of the CIRs. These effects are observed up to high southern latitudes, where the signature of a CIR is no longer visible in plasma or magnetic field data. After passing over the south polar ca… more
Date: September 1, 1995
Creator: Droege, W.; Kunow, H. & Raviart, A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

The microbial fate of carbon in high-latitude seas: Impact of the microbial loop on oceanic uptake of CO{sub 2}

Description: This dissertation examines pelagic microbial processes in high-latitude seas, how they affect regional and global carbon cycling, and how they might respond to hypothesized changes in climate. Critical to these interests is the effect of cold temperature on bacterial activity. Also important is the extent to which marine biological processes in general impact the inorganic carbon cycle. The study area is the Northeast Water (NEW) Polynya, a seasonally-recurrent opening in the permanent ice situ… more
Date: December 31, 1996
Creator: Yager, Patricia L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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