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Thermo-chemical energy conversion and storage. Final report

Description: Research support for the cyclohexane/benzene heat pipe development program at Sandia Laboratories is reported. The apparent kinetics of the gas-phase catalytic dehydrogenation of cyclohexane to benzene in an internally recirculated (gradientless) reactor over the temperature range from 500 to 800/sup 0/F at 1 atm at various space velocities was studied. A kinetic model was developed based on a reversible mass-action rate expression and a catalyst effectiveness factor which is able to correlate … more
Date: September 1, 1978
Creator: Ritter, A.B.; DeLancey, G.B.; Schneider, J. & Silla, H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Hydrodynamic design loads for the OTEC cold water pipe

Description: Ocean current and/or plant motion crossflows induce time dependent hydrodynamic loads on the OTEC cold water pipe due to vortex shedding. Design criteria were established for mean and fluctuating loads based on a review of the literature, analysis of test data acquired by SAI under a previous experimental program and an analytical extension of test results to higher Reynolds number. Baseline loads were specified for rigid cylinders in uniform flows. Modifications to the loads by current shear, … more
Date: September 1, 1978
Creator: Hove, D.; Shih, W. & Albano, E.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Synthesis gas demonstration plant program, Phase I. Trade-off studies report IV, air quality control alternatives

Description: For particulate removal systems four alternate methods were considered: wet venturi scrubbers, combination of multicyclonic mechanical dust collectors (MDC) and wet venturi scrubbers; electrostatic precipitators (ESP), and baghouses. For sulfur dioxide (SO/sub 2/) removal eleven alternate systems were considered: magnesia slurry scrubbing, sodium sulfite scrubbing (Wellman-Lord), ammonia (clear liquor), citrate, phosphate (Aqua-Claus), steam stripping, aqueous carbonate, ammonia (semi-dry), car… more
Date: September 1, 1978
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Conventional combustion environmental assessment program

Description: Fossil fuels have composed the largest segment of the nation's energy resources. This report discusses conventional methods of converting fossil fuels to usable forms of energy, associated with environmental penalties. The conventional combustion of fossil fuels has multimedia impacts which affect the air, land and water. 7 refs., 11 figs., 6 tabs.
Date: September 1, 1978
Creator: Ponder, W. H.; Kenkeremath, D. C. (Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC (USA). Industrial Environmental Research Lab. & Mitre Corp., McLean, VA (USA). METREK Div.)
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Effects of a flexible definition of new source performance standards for utility boilers firing anthracite coal

Description: The primary constraints and incentives affecting the viability of increased anthracite production for use as a utility boiler fuel are related to: (1) inherent advantages and disadvantages of anthracite versus bituminous coal, (2) geographical considerations, and (3) the existing and future state and federal regulatory framework. Anthracite is inherently low in sulfur content (a nominal 0.7% versus 2.0% for bituminous coal) and thus is capable of providing energy in a more environmentally benef… more
Date: September 1, 1978
Creator: Buckley, B; DeFieux, R; Holzheimer, R; Lowenthal, S; Murphy, B & Watson, J
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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NO/sub x/ emissions from Hanford nuclear fuels reprocessing plants

Description: Operation of the existing Hanford nuclear fuel reprocessing facilities will increase the release of nitrogen oxides (NO/sub x/) to the atmosphere over present emission rates. Stack emissions from two reprocessing facilities, one waste storage facility and two coal burning power plants will contain increased concentrations of NO/sub x/. The opacity of the reprocessing facilities' emissions is predicted to periodically exceed the State and local opacity limit of twenty percent. Past measurem… more
Date: September 15, 1978
Creator: Pajunen, A. L. & Dirkes, R. L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Domain and Surface Structures of Sodium Tungsten Bronzes, NaxWO₃ (0.4 [x [1)

Description: The domain and surface structures of metallic sodium tungsten bronzes, NaxWO₃, 0.4 < x < 1, were studied using optical microscopy, supplemented by chemical methods, photoelectron spectroscopy, electron microscopy, etc. The birefringent, multidomain structure of the bronze is exhibited by a sodium-deficient, epitaxial surface film and hence is not, as reported elsewhere, a bulk property. The film can be synthesized by anodic electrolysis in alkaline solution and can exist only epitaxially with t… more
Date: September 1978
Creator: Atoji, Masao
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Tritium and Hydrogen Transport in LMFBR Systems: EBR-II, CRBR, and FFTF

Description: A tritium and hydrogen transport model has been employed to simulate concentration profiles, tritium losses to auxiliary containment systems, and cold trap burdens for EBR-II, CRBR, and FFTF. Experimental data from EBR-II were found to correlate well with calculated tritium and hydrogen profiles. A major change relative to previous transport models, namely, the inhibiting effect of oxide coatings on tritium permeation through reactor structural surfaces, has been incorporated into the current m… more
Date: September 1978
Creator: Renner, T. A. & McPheeters, C. C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Evaluation of Ceramic Refractories for Slagging Gasifiers : Summary of Progress to Date

Description: Commercial refractories were tested for up to 500 h in both basic and acidic slags. The slag compositions typify those expected in slagging coal gasifiers. The slag temperatures ranged up to 1600 degrees C. Compositions tested have included silicon carbides, chrome-alumina-magnesia spinels, and alumina and magnesia-based refractories with various amounts of chromia and silica. In some tests, the cold faces were water cooled. With water cooling, the silicon carbides showed virtually no attack af… more
Date: September 1978
Creator: Kennedy, C. R.; Swaroop, R.; Jones, D. J.; Fousek, R. J.; Poeppel, R. B. & Stahl, D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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PTAC: a Computer Program for Pressure-Transient Analysis, Including the Effects of Cavitation

Description: PTAC was developed to predict pressure transients in nuclear-power-plant piping systems in which the possibility of cavitation must be considered. The program performs linear or nonlinear fluid-hammer calculations, using a fixed-grid method-of-characteristics solution procedure. In addition to pipe friction and elasticity, the program can treat a variety of flow components, pipe junctions, and boundary conditions, including arbitrary pressure sources and a sodium/water reaction. Essential featu… more
Date: September 1978
Creator: Kot, C. A. & Youngdahl, C. K.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Hawaii Geothermal Project. Summary report

Description: An overview of the first five years of the Hawaiian Geothermal Project and a brief report of the management and coordination activity are presented. The first three phases are: exploratory surveys, experimental drilling, and well testing and analysis. A list of publications and a chronology of events are included. (MHR)
Date: September 1, 1978
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Geothermal ground noise measurements at Roosevelt Hot Springs and Cove Fort, Utah. Final report

Description: The present study was basically aimed at determining the type of noise found around a geothermal reservoir. Six element arrays were used to determine the structure of the noise field and the types of waves present. Arrays were used at both the Roosevelt Hot Springs and Cove Fort areas. The arrays consisted of six seismometers, one in the center and the others evenly spaced on a circle. The interelement array spacing varied from 50 m to 300 m depending on the experiment. The instrumentation and … more
Date: September 1, 1978
Creator: Laster, S. J. & Douze, E. J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Wind energy conversion. Volume X. Aeroelastic stability of wind turbine rotor blades

Description: The nonlinear equations of motion of a general wind turbine rotor blade are derived from first principles. The twisted, tapered blade may be preconed out of the plane of rotation, and its root may be offset from the axis of rotation by a small amount. The aerodynamic center, center of mass, shear center, and area centroid are distinct in this derivation. The equations are applicable to studies of forced response or of aeroelastic flutter, however, neither gravity forcing, nor wind shear and gus… more
Date: September 1, 1978
Creator: Wendell, J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Free wake analysis of wind turbine aerodynamics. Wind energy conversion. ASRL-TR-184-14

Description: The underlying theory is presented for determining blade and rotor/tower vibration and dynamic stability characteristics as well as the basic dynamic (as opposed to aerodynamic) operating loads. Starting with a simple concept of equivalent hinged rotors, the equations of motion for the blade including pitch, flap and lag motions are developed. The nonlinear equations are derived first and linearized about a finite displacement of the blade out of the plane of rotation. This is important since w… more
Date: September 1, 1978
Creator: Gohard, J.C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Hawaii Geothermal Project; HGP-A Reservoir Engineering

Description: The Hawaii Geothermal Project well HGP-A has undergone a two-year testing program which included cold water pumpdown tests, flashing flows with measurements of temperature and pressure profiles, and noise surveys. These tests and the data obtained are discussed in detail.
Date: September 1, 1978
Creator: Yuen, P. C.; Chen, B. H.; Kihara, D. H.; Seki, A. S. & Takahashi, P. K.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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First semiannual report: Rocky Flats Small Wind Systems Test Center activities. Volume I. Description of the National Small Wind Systems Test Center

Description: Information is presented concerning the Rocky Flats wind turbine test site; the philosophy of testing at Rocky Flats; test procedure development; atmospheric SWECS testing; SWECS component testing; data collection, handling, and analysis; reporting procedures; and future plans.
Date: September 28, 1978
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Environmental impact of using fly ash in concrete

Description: An attempt was made to estimate the chemical composition of fly ash using the known chemical composition of coals from numerous regions of the country and the known behavior of elements in a limited number of coal and fly-ash samples. This technique assumes that each element in every piece of coal in the United States partitions itself into fly ash to the same extent and leaches from fly ash at the same rate. Using these limited data, enrichment factors were then calculated by dividing the comp… more
Date: September 1, 1978
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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LOFT Vital MG Set transient parameter review

Description: This report evaluates the performance of the vital MG sets during a worst case load transfer. Evaluation of test data showed: (1) The Vital MG Set withstood the extreme loading; (2) The load can be sustained well in excess of the required time limit; and (3) The transfer perturbation caused the frequency to exceed the limits set by the SDD. The follow up evaluations of the equipment powered by the MG sets demonstrated that the equipment function will not be degraded.
Date: September 12, 1978
Creator: Kranning, A.N.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Solar assisted heat pump system with volume solar collector. Technical report

Description: The system uses the attic of the house with a large south facing window as the solar collector. An air-to-water heat pump uses the attic air as a heat source to heat a volume of storage water during the heating season. During the cooling season the attic is ventilated and the heat pump uses the attic air as a heat sink while cooling the storage water. The computer program was developed to include a heat exchanger in the attic which could by-pass the heat pump condenser cooling water, thus permi… more
Date: September 1, 1978
Creator: Sabnis, J.S.; Hickox, W.J.; Drucker, E.E.; Ucar, M. & LaGraff, J.E.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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An Ultrasonic Scanner for Stainless Steel Weld Inspections

Description: The large grain size and anisotropic nature of stainless steel weld metal make conventional ultrasonic testing very difficult. This paper evaluates a technique for minimizing the coherent noise in stainless steel weld metal. The method involves digitizing conventional A-scan traces and averaging them with a minicomputer. Results are presented for an ultrasonic scanner which interrogates a small volume of the weld metal while averaging the coherent ultrasonic noise.
Date: September 1978
Creator: Kupperman, D. S. & Reimann, K. J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Disposal of Radioactive Sodium Waste

Description: Operation of liquid-metal-cooled fast breeder reactors (LMFBRs) will result in production of various quantities of radioactive sodium waste. Two methods have been developed and tested on a small scale for converting this sodium waste to inert compounds suitable for disposal. The first method is direct oxidation of the sodium after dispersal in a silica matrix. The sodium is mixed with silica and oxidized in a rotary drum reactor. The product is suitable for making glass when other stabilizing c… more
Date: September 1978
Creator: McPheeters, C. C. & Wolson, R. D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The Environmental Working Level Monitor

Description: Abstract: "The Environmental Working Level Monitor (EWLM) is an instrument used to automatically monitor airborne Rn-daughter concentrations and the Working Level (WL). It is an ac powered, microprocessor-based instrument with an external inverter provided for dc operation if desired. The microprocessor's control processor unit (CPU) controls the actuation of the detector assembly and processes its output signals to yield the measurements in the proper units. The detectors are fully automated a… more
Date: September 29, 1978
Creator: Keefe, Donald J.; McDowell, William P. & Groer, Peter G.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Seismological investigation of crack formation in hydraulic rock fracturing experiments and in natural geothermal environments. Progress report, September 1, 1977--August 31, 1978

Description: New seismological methods were developed for determining the structure of a geothermal energy source region by the use of data from both active and passive experiments. Technical papers were published on four topics, namely: a field experiment at Kilauea Iki, source models of volcanic tremors, microearthquake source spectra, and a numerical study of elastic wave diffraction by fluid-filled cracks. In addition, papers were submitted for publication on a statistical synthesis of source mechanism … more
Date: September 1, 1978
Creator: Aki, K.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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