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Cooling Ponds: Survey of the State of the Art

Description: Since the enactment of the Water Quality Act of 1965, there has been an increasing concern over the quality of the nation's waters. Adoption of temperature standards of water bodies, combined with the economics of scale, is resulting in increased use of alternatives to once-through cooling systems, particularly ponds and towers. Approximately 60 steam-electric power plants with capacities greater than 60 electrical megawatts use cooling ponds. This report documents a review of cooling pond tech… more
Date: September 1, 1972
Creator: Sonnichsen Jr., J. C.; Engstrom, S. L.; Kolesar, D. C. & Bailey, G. C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Length changes in FTR prototypic cladding irradiated in EBR-II to 1 x 10/sup 22/ N/CM/sup 2/, E > 0. 1 MeV (PIN B-65)(RM-24)

Description: Swelling in prototypic FTR cladding and duct specimens is being determined from a series of three irradiations designed to cover a range of temperatures approximately 800 to 1500/sup 0/F and peak fluences of approximately 1 x 10/sup 22/, 6 x 10/sup 22/, and 1 x 10/sup 23/ n/cm/sup 2/. The length change measurements for the low fluence irradiation have been completed and are summarized in this report. No swelling, only shrinkage, was found in the 20 percent cold worked Type 316 stainless steel c… more
Date: July 1, 1972
Creator: Straalsund, J. L.; Guthrie, G. L. & Larson, T. J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

LIQUID-XENON-FILLED WIRE CHAMBERS

Description: The authors describe several types of small liquid xenon-filled chambers, each optimized for a particular property such as a real-time spatial resolution of {+-} 15 {mu}, a time resolution of {+-} 10{sup -7} sec, or a pulse height of 10{sup -12} coulomb. Larger chambers combining all these properties will be of great value at NAL energies, and they describe some of the techniques necessary for their construction.
Date: September 1, 1972
Creator: Derenzo, S.E.; Flagg, R.; Louie, S.G.; Mariam, F.G.; Mast, T.S.; Schwemin, A.J. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

A Liquid Xenon Radiosotope Camera

Description: The increasing availability of short lived gamma and positron emitting isotopes, coupled with the importance of dynamical studies and better imaging, has generated the need for an improved {gamma}-ray camera. The authors discuss a new type of {gamma}-ray camera which makes use of electron avalanches in liquid xenon. A configuration currently under development is shown in Figure 1. The successful operation of a liquid xenon proportional counter was recently reported. The liquid xenon camera prom… more
Date: February 1, 1972
Creator: Zaklad, Haim; Derenzo, Stephen E.; Muller, Richard A.; Smadja,Gerard; Smits, Robert G. & Alvarez, Luis W.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

COLLECTIVE PHENOMENA IN ACCELERATORS

Description: Recent years have witnessed the development of accelerators of ever-larger current, both peak and average, as well as a proliferation of storage rings of ever-greater luminosity. Consequently, there is considerable interest in and growing concern with, the phenomena which limit beam currents and beam densities, namely, the collective modes of behavior of relativistic particle beams. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that the collective behavior can be controlled, at least to some extent, tu… more
Date: September 1, 1972
Creator: Sessler, Andrew M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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INITIAL IMAGES FROM A 24-WIRE LIQUID XENON Y -CAMERA.

Description: A prototype liquid xenon {gamma}-camera has been constructed and preliminary results obtained. The sensitive volume is 7 c x 7 cm in area and 1.5 cm thick. Orthogonal coordinates for each interacting {gamma}-ray are provided by 24 anode wires 5 {micro} in diameter spaced 2.8 mm apart and 24 cathode strips.
Date: December 1, 1972
Creator: Zaklad, Haim; Derenzo, Stephen E.; Muller, Richard A. & Smits,Robert G.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

On the Performance Characteristics of Electron Ring Accelerators

Description: On the basis of our present understanding of the physical phenomena involved in an electron ring accelerator (ERA), a theoretical study is made of the performance which might be expected for an ERA. Rigorous upper bounds are obtained on the rate of energy gain, from which it is shown that, in order to prevent azimuthal instability, parameters must be selected such that (for reasonable fields, injector properties, etc., but with no safety factors) the proton energy gain is less than 80 MeV/m. Nu… more
Date: September 1, 1972
Creator: Mohl, D.; Laslett, L. J. & Sessler, A. M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Pu, U redistribution in (U,Pu)O/sub 2/ fuels by temperature gradients

Description: A predictive model of the time-dependent evolution of radial Pu/U + Pu gradients in operating nonmolten mixed oxide fuels is being developed. This model is based on preferential evaporation-condensation and vapor transport of metal-bearing species either along cracks and porosity channels within the fuel or inside closed pores migrating up the temperature gradient; equilibrium thermodynamics are applied to calculate the continually changing vapor composition over the hot fuel. Predictions of th… more
Date: August 1, 1972
Creator: Adamson, M. G. & Aitken, E. A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Characterization of an Energy Source for Modeling Hypothetical Core Disruptive Accidents in Nuclear Reactors. First Interim Report. [LMFBR]

Description: The expansion characteristics of the detonation products of a high-explosive energy source used to simulate the pressure-volume change relationships for sodium-vapor expansions during hypothetical core disruptive accidents in a Fast Test Reactor were determined experimentally. Rigid cylinder-piston experiments performed at two scales (ratio 1:3) were undertaken to determine a pressure-volume relationship as a function of source mass and expansion environment. Some of these measurements were com… more
Date: October 1, 1972
Creator: Cagliostro, D. J. & Florence, A. L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Research and development program, fiscal year 1974

Description: The biomedical program of the Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Biology for Fiscal Year 1974 is conducted within the scope of the following categories: Effects of Radiation of Living Organisms; Molecular and Cellular Radiobiology; Land and Fresh Water Environmental Sciences; Radiological and Health Physics and Instrumentation; and Nuclear Medical Research. (ACR)
Date: April 1, 1972
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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LMFBR spent fuel transport: conceptual design and partial safety analysis of a sodium-cooled cask

Description: Conceptual designs for 6- and 18-subassembly casks are presented. The casks are intended for transport of LMFBR spent fuel which has decayed a minimum of 30 days. These casks use sodium as the primary coolant, an auxiliary shield coolant system in normal operation, heavy steel members as both gamma shield and structure, and a eutectic mixture of LiOH and NaOH as a neutron shield. The analysis indicates that there will be no leakage of coolant or fission products under normal or hypothetical acc… more
Date: February 1, 1972
Creator: Irvine, A.R.; Shappert, L.B.; Evans, J.H. & Canonico, D.A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Flexible cubic spline interpolation

Description: This report describes a simple, efficient, and flexible program for cubic spline interpolation in one dimension, suitable for inclusion in the ANL Subroutine Library and in an interactive timesharing system. Most of the cubic spline programs already available either restrict the boundary conditions to knowledge of the first derivative at both end points, or require the second derivatives to vanish at these points. The program described here removes these restrictions and enables the user to ado… more
Date: March 1, 1972
Creator: Abu-Shumays, I.K.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Test of fixed-pipe distribution system for met-L-X dry powder fire extinguishers at EBR-II

Description: The Met-L-X storage unit and fixed-pipe system performed adequately, but the distribution provided by the nozzles as located is not satisfactory. Relocation of the nozzles does not appear to offer much promise for improvement because the number of nozzles required would necessitate a piping array nearly impossible to design or install around existing equipment. It would leave little room for equipment to be protected in a new installation. The tests reported did not address the question of whet… more
Date: March 1, 1972
Creator: Livengood, C. L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

PHYSICAL EFFECTS OF THE HANFORD WINDSTORMS OF JANUARY 11, 1972 AND JANUARY 21, 1972

Description: The windstorm of January 11 caused a minor amount of damage to the Hanford Reservation and Hanford vicinity. Damage sustained to Hanford Reservation structures (roofing, flashing, fences, windows) was approximately $20,000. One building did receive structural damage to roof members. Evidence that wind pressures did not reach 30 lb/ft{sup 2} during the January 11 windstorm was provided in the fact that specially designed exterior wall panels did not fail. These panels were designed and carefully… more
Date: June 1, 1972
Creator: Henager, C. H. & Fuquay, J. J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Energy resources of the United States

Description: Estimates are made of United States resources of coal, petroleum liquids, natural gas, uranium, geothermal energy, and oil from oil shale. Accuracy of the estimates probably ranges from 20 to 50 percent for identified-recoverable resources to about an order of magnitude for undiscovered-submarginal resources. The total cost resource base in the United States is estimated to be about 3,200 billion tons, of which 200 to 390 billion tons can be considered in the category identified and recoverable… more
Date: January 1, 1972
Creator: Theobald, P. K.; Schweinfurth, S. P. & Duncan, D. C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

SPEAKEASY HELP documents

Description: The HELP documents provide SPEAKEASY users with concise definitions of most of the words available in the current processors. In this report, the documents are given in a variety of formats to enable one to find specific information quickly. The bulk of this report consists of computer read-out of the HELP library via SPEAKEASY.
Date: July 1, 1972
Creator: Fink, J. K.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Position-sensitive proportional-counter system for use in the Enge split-pole spectrograph

Description: A variety of position-sensitive single-wire proportional counters with lengths up to 90 cm have been built and tested in the focal plane of the Enge split-pole spectrographs at the Argonne tandem accelerator and cyclotron. This report, which describes the counters, the associated electronics, and the data-handling procedures, is intended as an operating manual for general use of the system. Under ideal experimental conditions, the spatial resolution of the counters is about 1 to 1.5 mm (FWHM), … more
Date: May 1, 1972
Creator: Greenwood, L R; Stoltzfus, J C; Katori, K; Cameron, C P & Braid, T H
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

High-Voltage Thermionic Reactor Using Double-Sheath Fuel Elements, 3rd Interational Electrical Power Generation

Description: A novel design concept for a "flashlight-type" in-core thermionic reactor is described. This concept, called the "double-sheath" design in contrast to the previously considered "wet-sheath" and "dry-sheath" concepts, permits the build-up of high reactor output voltages, without the danger of cesium breakdown and shorts-to-ground. In addition to a description of the design and its functional components, a brief discussion of suggested fuel element fabrication and reactor assembly techniques is p… more
Date: June 1, 1972
Creator: Schock, Alfred
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Electronic Temperature-Flattening of Thermionic Reactors

Description: A method for electronically temperature-flattening a "flashlight-type" thermionic reactor with both axial and radial heat generation nonuniformities is described. The method, which makes use of compensating electron cooling variation while satisfying the voltage- and current-matching constraints on the in-core series-parallel diode network, results in substantially uniform emitter temperatures throughout the reactor. Novel analytical techniques for temperature-flattening a nonuniform reactor ar… more
Date: June 1, 1972
Creator: Schock, Alfred
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Scrap status reports for plutonium-239 and enriched uranium

Description: Scrap status reports requested by P.A. Craig of the Nuclear Materials Management Branch on July 14, 1972 are presented. The additional detail required disclosed the enriched uranium covered by the scrap declaration HYA-15 was not reported as scrap on the June 30 COEI Reports.
Date: August 1, 1972
Creator: Henry, H. L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

LMFBR (LIQUID METAL FAST BREEDER REACTOR) READTION RATE AND DOSIMETRY 3RD QUARTERLY PROGRESS REPORT DECEMBER 1971 JANUARY FEBRUARY 1972

Description: This report was compiled at the Hanford Engineering Development Laboratory operated by Westinghouse Hanford Company, a subsidiary of Westinghouse Electric Corporation, for the United States Atomic Energy Commission, Division of Reactor Development and Technology, under Contract No. AT (45-1) 2170. It describes technical progress made in the Interlaboratory LMFBR Reaction Rate Program during the reporting period. The Interlaboratory LMFBR Reaction Rate (ILRR) program has been established by USAE… more
Date: March 1, 1972
Creator: WN, MCELROY
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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