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Conversation about animal sacrifice rituals

Description: Tashi Dorji and Dorji Phuntsho discuss rituals involving animal sacrifice in Dukti village. In the past, it was customary for every household to raise a pig to be killed for ritual purposes. They say that now, over a decade later, they have stopped raising pigs for sacrifice.
Date: May 21, 2022
Duration: 9 minutes 53 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Personal narrative about Buddha Gaya, part 1

Description: Mrs. Humchung is one of the oldest people living in Thragom village. She describes her pilgrimage to Buddha Gaya, a Buddhist temple in Bihar, India. First, she walked to Trashigang, in the middle of Trashigang Dzong courtyard. From Trashigang she took a truck. She says that almost all the elders in her village went together and almost all of them died, except for 6 of them. It took them a week to reach Buddha Gaya. They took their rations and cooked using firewood. The glaring difference she di… more
Date: May 29, 2022
Duration: 3 minutes 06 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Personal narrative about visiting the Dalai Lama

Description: Mrs. Humchung is one of the oldest people living in Thragom village. She describes a visit to the Dalai Lama. She says the first visit to see His Holiness in Tawang was quite long. They stayed around a month and a half in Tawang at a relative's house. While waiting for His Holiness, they helped in their fields, took care of house chores, and got wood from the forest.
Date: June 8, 2022
Duration: 4 minutes 15 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Personal narrative about Buddha Gaya, part 2

Description: Mrs. Humchung is one of the oldest people living in Thragom village. She describes her pilgrimage to Buddha Gaya, a Buddhist temple in Bihar, India. They stayed in the way in the open fields on their way to Buddha Gaya by truck. Others took Ngultrum 700 for their trip to Buddha Gaya. From Trashigang district, they took a Bhutanese truck through Rangiya, Hasimara, and Siliguri on the way.
Date: May 29, 2022
Duration: 4 minutes 10 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Conversation about Dukti Lhakhang

Description: Dorji and Tashi Dorji, residents of Dukti village, discuss the history of the Dukti Lhakhang. A lhakhang is a religious structure used for housing sacred objects and performing rituals, often built in a geographically or spiritually significant location. This site was originally known as Dukti Tsebrang because it was too small to be called a lhakhang. They explain that the statue of Buddha, mural painting on the wall, and giant pillars were all added during the renovation. The head carpenter wa… more
Date: May 24, 2022
Duration: 4 minutes 24 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Conversation about Jomo rituals

Description: Dorji and Tashi Dorji, residents of Dukti village, discuss rituals related to the Jomo. They explain that, before the Jomo enters into a trance, she wears a five crown cap and has fruits and other foods as her feast offering. Then, the Jomo starts her ritual. It is believed that, wherever the Jomo takes her next birth, she will be born into a rich family.
Date: May 24, 2022
Duration: 5 minutes 35 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Conversation about Ladam rituals in Dukti village

Description: Tashi Dorji and Dorji Phuntsho discuss the different rituals performed in Dukti village related to Ladam involving restricting both locals and outsiders from visiting the mountain Tshong Tshongma between plantation and harvesting of crops. The entry to Tshong Tshongma closes on the 10th day of the third month of the Tibetan calendar. If someone does enter this area during the restricted months, it brings heavy rain, winds, and landslides to the area.
Date: May 21, 2022
Duration: 12 minutes 05 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Conversation about Serwa Dzong, part 1

Description: Dorji and Tashi Dorji, residents of Dukti village, discuss Serwa Dzong, an abandoned fortress outside Dukti village (about two hours walking). They describe how Serwa Dzong looked before it was covered by trees, and the security features: one before entering, and another after reaching the courtyard. There were two water resources next to the Dzong which are no longer visible today. They also discuss a fight between Serwa Dzong and Tshong Tshongma.
Date: May 24, 2022
Duration: 5 minutes 37 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Conversation about Kha Bön rituals

Description: Lama Tshering and Chote Tshering discuss the recent increase in the practice of Kha Bön, where people are appeasing the malicious spirit without formal training. They are seen offering flour mixed with meat, fermented sometimes without meat, and fermented wine to appease spirits that affect us. They say some even perform Bön Nag, where animal sacrifices are required.
Date: June 10, 2022
Duration: 9 minutes 37 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Conversation about Kharam rituals

Description: Chote Tshering and Lama Tshering, two respected lay monks, discuss Kharam, a curse associated with gossip, and rituals performed to ward off the curse. They say the Kharam ritual in Bön is quite amazing. They build a Kharam Shang (a wooden target made of Rhus Chinensis). They will place that target inside the house and shoot the arrow into it.
Date: June 10, 2022
Duration: 2 minutes 02 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Conversation about Serwa Dzong, part 2

Description: Dorji and Tashi Dorji, residents of Dukti village, discuss Serwa Dzong, an abandoned fortress outside Dukti village (about two hours walking). They explain that no one is sure when it was originally built, and now only ruins remain to tell its existence. They say it was used as a checkpoint in ancient times to collect taxes from merchants passing through Bhutan into the Tawang district of Arunachal Pradesh, India. Now, there is a makeshift police checkpoint next to the ruins, erected during the… more
Date: May 24, 2022
Duration: 2 minutes 36 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Conversation about the naked dance festival

Description: Dorji and Tashi Dorji, residents of Dukti village, discuss the naked dance festival of Dukti village. They explain that little is known about this festival, including when it began. In the past, leaders like Tshong Tshongma Lopen and local police have tried to stop it due to the nudity. However, after the attempts to stop the festival, snakes would spring out in large numbers across the village and their crops were affected. Now, it takes place on the 10th day of the fifth month in the Bhutanes… more
Date: May 24, 2022
Duration: 6 minutes
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Conversation about annual feast offerings, part 1

Description: Conversation about the annual feast offering, started around 50 years ago. They discuss how the community shares the work responsibly, applies tax, lends money, calculates the interest, and returns utensils after the feast offering is completed. They keep track of the funds generated through the lending of money. They discuss how much cash was used for the current feast offering, and what amount was paid as remuneration to each monk.
Date: May 26, 2022
Duration: 1 hour 24 minutes 28 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Conversation about annual feast offerings, part 2

Description: Conversation about the annual feast offering, started around 50 years ago. They discuss how the community shares the duties of organizing, preparing, and funding the annual feast. They describe how the practice of Zhakchang, where people gather to finish the leftover wine from ritual ceremonies, was a common feature of any ritual. Zhakchang also gives an opportunity to those households who couldn’t come to the ritual. It is an avenue where a missed opportunity for one neighbor to take part in a… more
Date: May 26, 2022
Duration: 18 minutes 17 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Conversation about Bön and Buddhism

Description: Cheten Tshering and Lama Tshering discuss how Bön considers Guru Rinpoche, using informal language when talking about him. They discuss why eggs are offered in Bön, why pork is forbidden, and the instruments used in Bön traditions. They say that, to fulfill wishes, it is best to pay homage, but for ultimate enlightenment, one must practice Buddhism.
Date: June 10, 2022
Duration: 15 minutes 29 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description of ponpo curry, part 2

Description: Mrs. Humchung is one of the oldest people living in Thragom village. She describes how to prepare ponpo curry using lichen and demonstrates how to thoroughly wash the dirt from the lichen. She also shares memories of eating ponpo curry and collecting dry lichen while gathering firewood during childhood.
Date: June 16, 2022
Duration: 4 minutes 52 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description of ponpo curry, part 1

Description: Mrs. Humchung is one of the oldest people living in Thragom village. She describes how to prepare ponpo curry using lichen, demonstrating the process of steaming the lichen with ash before cooking. She explains that people in Thragom village consume ponpo curry once a year to wash away any dirt or hair inside the body.
Date: June 16, 2022
Duration: 12 minutes 17 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description of Nak Chö rituals and animal sacrifice

Description: Mrs. Humchung is one of the oldest people living in Thragom village. She describes Nak Chö rituals, explaining that all the ritual cakes were prepared, and only then a pig was killed. This was followed by encircling of ritual cakes with the intestines of the pig. The ritual was performed only once in Thragom. During other early ritual celebrations, it was done in the maternal home of the grandmother.
Date: June 8, 2022
Duration: 2 minutes 29 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Historical narrative about Tshong Tshongma, part 2

Description: Tshong Tshongma is a sacred mountain and a local deity in Eastern Bhutan. Over 4000 meters in elevation, it is accessible only four months per year due to local customs. Mr. Lama Tshering describes how Tshong Tshongma got its current palace after Tshong Tshongma was deceived by Samye Paygi Gyelpo when Guru Rinpoche called all the deities to the allocated respective palace.
Date: May 26, 2022
Duration: 7 minutes 41 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description of Nak Chö rituals

Description: The speaker describes the Nak Chö ritual practiced by their ancestors on the maternal side. They raise a pig for a year in the name of their parental deity. When the time for the ritual comes, they carry the pig to Kudung village in Tawang district, Arunachal Pradesh, India and sacrifice it. They stopped practicing the pig sacrifice ritual when their grandmother pass away.
Date: May 29, 2022
Duration: 1 minute 26 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description of millet in Thragom village

Description: Mrs. Humchung is one of the oldest people living in Thragom village. She says that, of all the farming works, the plantation of millet was most sought after. Millet seeds were planted before the arrival of the magpie in the village, and planting millet after the arrival of the magpie was considered late and generally wouldn’t have a good yield. During millet plantation, the workers would share fermented wine using a big ox horn.
Date: June 8, 2022
Duration: 6 minutes 32 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description of farming practices in Thragom village

Description: Mrs. Humchung is one of the oldest people living in Thragom village. She describes farming practices used for staple crops, such as corn, wheat, and buckwheat. She says the community would work on each other's farm on rotational bases, using manure made from a mixture of dry oak leaf and cow dung on the farmland to increase the yield.
Date: June 8, 2022
Duration: 2 minutes 39 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description of ponpo curry, part 3

Description: Mrs. Humchung is one of the oldest people living in Thragom village. She describes how to prepare ponpo curry with lichen, chili powder, garlic, black pepper, oil, and salt. After the lichen is thoroughly steamed and washed, the curry is ready in 5 minutes. She says the lichen can be directly consumed with chili paste (without steaming).
Date: June 16, 2022
Duration: 7 minutes 46 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description of ritual cakes

Description: Mrs. Humchung is one of the oldest people living in Thragom village. She describes ritual cakes. She says pond earth was used to make the wrathful ritual cake. Wheat flour was used to make a personal Yidam ritual cake. Only in rare cases was rice flour used. A helper of the Lama will come one day ahead of the ritual ceremony to make the cakes.
Date: June 8, 2022
Duration: 5 minutes 01 second
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information
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