Search Results

open access

1963 revisited: should we set a precedent of recalculating old exposures

Description: This paper describes recent experience in re-evaluating the dose to an employee. This employee was plagued with skin disorders for years, but he questioned his recorded beta dose only after a recent LLNL cancer study began collecting data. He was concerned that his radiation dose recorded during the time he worked on a fission burst reactor experiment in 1963 did not represent the actual dose he received. About six months were spent gathering information, putting the information together, makin… more
Date: October 26, 1981
Creator: Hoots, S.S.
open access

Chemical-decomposition models for the thermal explosion of confined HMX, TATB, RDX, and TNT explosives

Description: Chemical decomposition models have been deduced from the available chemical kinetic data on the thermal decomposition of HMX, TATB, RDX, and TNT. A thermal conduction model is used in which the thermal conductivity of the reacting explosive decreases linearly with the mass fraction reacted to that of the gaseous products. These reactive heat flow models are used to predict the time to explosion versus reciprocal temperature curves from several heavily confined explosive tests. Good agreement is… more
Date: March 26, 1981
Creator: McGuire, R. R. & Tarver, C. M.
open access

Cryosorption vacuum pumping of hydrogen and helium mixtures

Description: Cryosorption vacuum pumps continue to be the principal type of pumping systems considered for power-producing fusion reactors. In this context, a compound-pump concept is generally employed in which the helium pump is placed behind the hydrogen pump so that hydrogen will not condense on and hence block the 4.2 K helium cryosorption surface. To obtain an optimal design for such a pump, the amount of hydrogen which can reach the helium panel has been determined. Catastrophic failure of a cryosorp… more
Date: October 26, 1981
Creator: Fisher, P. W.; Rogers, F. L. & Watson, J. S.
open access

Electric moped

Description: Two electrically powered mopeds were designed and built. These vehicles offer single-person transportation which is convenient, quiet, low-cost, smooth, and pollution-free. The first moped has a 12 volt electrical system. The second has a 24 volt electrical system. They both have top speeds of about 20 miles per hour. They both use transistorized speed controls and deep-discharge, lead-acid batteries. These mopeds were put through a 750 mile test program. In this program, the 12 volt bike had a… more
Date: February 26, 1981
Creator: Ferschl, M.S.
open access

Electron-cyclotron-resonant-heated electron distribution functions

Description: Recent studies at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) with a bounce-averaged Fokker-Planck code indicate that the energetic electron tail formed by electron-cyclotron resonant heating (ECRH) at the second harmonic is not Maxwellian. We present the results of our bounce-averaged Fokker-Planck code along with some simple analytic models of hot-electron distribution functions.
Date: June 26, 1981
Creator: Matsuda, Y.; Nevins, W. M. & Cohen, R. H.
open access

Enterprise Zones as a Concept

Description: "Enterprise zones" as a concept originated in England in the late 1970s. The idea is to free certain specified urban areas of taxes and government regulations to encourage private business investment and create new jobs. Empirical evidence to support the concept is lacking. This paper contains a discussion of the concept of enterprise zones, without reference to any legislative proposals in the United States. Analyses of legislation will appear as prime sponsors introduce new bills.
Date: March 26, 1981
Creator: Breckenridge, Charlotte
open access

Fire-protection research for energy technology: FY 80 year-end report. [For fusion energy experiments and other energy research]

Description: This continuing research program was initiated in 1977 in order to advance fire protection strategies for Fusion Energy Experiments (FEE). The program has since been expanded to encompass other forms of energy research. Accomplishments for fiscal year 1980 were: finalization of the fault-tree analysis of the Shiva fire management system; development of a second-generation, fire-growth analysis using an alternate moel and new LLNL combustion dynamics data; improvements of techniques for chemical… more
Date: May 26, 1981
Creator: Hasegawa, H. K.; Alvares, N. J.; Lipska, A. E.; Ford, H.; Priante, S. & Beason, D. G.
open access

Heavy-ion inertial fusion: initial survey of target gain versus ion-beam parameters

Description: Inertial-fusion targets have been designed for use with heavy-ion accelerators as drivers in fusion energy power plants. We have made an initial survey of target gain versus beam energy, power, focal radius, and ion range. This provides input for understanding the trade-offs among accelerator designs.
Date: October 26, 1981
Creator: Bangerter, R.O.; Mark, J.W.K. & Thiessen, A.R.
open access

Hierarchical set of models for estimating the effects of air pollution on vegetation

Description: Three models have been developed to estimate the effects of air pollutants on vegetation at the photosynthetic process (PHOTO), plant (GROWl), and community (SILVA) levels of resolution. PHOTO simulates the enhancement of photosynthesis at low H/sub 2/S levels, depression of photosynthesis at high H/sub 2/S levels, and the threshold effects for sulfur pollutants. GROWl simulates the growth and development of a plant during a growing season. GROWl has been used to assess the effects on sugar bee… more
Date: May 26, 1981
Creator: Kercher, J. R.; Axelrod, M. C. & Bingham, G. E.
open access

Hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation catalysts obtained from coal mineral matter. [Patent application]

Description: A hydrotreating catalyst is prepared from coal mineral matter obtained by low temperature ashing coals of relatively low bassanite content by the steps of: (a) depositing on the low temperature ash 0.25 to 3 grams of an iron or nickel salt in water per gram of ash and drying a resulting slurry; (b) crushing and sizing a resulting solid; and (c) heating the thus-sized solid powder in hydrogen.
Date: March 26, 1981
Creator: Hwai-der Liu, K. & Hamrin, C.E. Jr.
open access

Keith Keesecker Office Building. Final technical report

Description: This two story office building has 4000 ft/sup 2/ of space and a 2000 ft/sup 2/ basement. The solar heating system has 936 ft/sup 2/ of flat plate collectors and a phase change storage system. A description of the system operation, the acceptance test plan, as built wiring and piping schematics, and predicted performance data are included. (MHR)
Date: January 26, 1981
Creator: Bliege, C.L.
open access

Laser irradiation of disk targets at 0. 53. mu. m wavelength

Description: We present results and analysis for laser-irradiations of Be, CH, Ti, and Au disk targets with 0.53 ..mu..m light in 3 to 35 J, 600 ps pulses, at nominal intensities from 3 x 10/sup 13/ to approx. 4 x 10/sup 15/ W/cm/sup 2/. The measured absorptions are higher than observed in similar 1.06 ..mu..m irradiations, and are largely consistent with modeling which shows the importance of inverse bremsstrahlung and Brillouin scattering. Observed red-shifted back-reflected light shows that Brillouin is … more
Date: January 26, 1981
Creator: Mead, W.C.; Campbell, E.M. & Estabrook, K.G.
open access

Microprocessor control and data acquisition at the LLNL 100-MeV accelerator

Description: A distributed microprocessor control and data acquisition network has been designed for implementation on the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory 100 MeV electron/positron accelerator (LINAC). The system has been designed to be as transparent to the user as possible by stressing responsiveness, reliability, and relevance of data presented to the user. Implementation of the network will take place in modular fashion in three stages, so as to minimize disruption of normal operations. The first… more
Date: May 26, 1981
Creator: Mendonca, M.L.
open access

Minimally refined biomass fuel. [carbohydrate-water-alcohol mixture]

Description: A minimally refined fluid composition, suitable as a fuel mixture and derived from biomass material, is comprised of one or more water-soluble carbohydrates such as sucrose, one or more alcohols having less than four carbons, and water. The carbohydrate provides the fuel source; water-solubilizes the carbohydrate; and the alcohol aids in the combustion of the carbohydrate and reduces the viscosity of the carbohydrate/water solution. Because less energy is required to obtain the carbohydrate fro… more
Date: March 26, 1981
Creator: Pearson, R. K. & Hirschfeld, T. B.
open access

MIT LMFBR blanket research project. Quarterly progress report, October 1, 1980-December 31, 1980

Description: Information on heterogeneous assembly evaluation is presented concerning ringed moderator description and flux trap description; cross section generation; ringed moderator results; effects of heterogeneous moderation; sodium void worth breakdown; flux trap configuration; flux trap results; the effects of stoichiometric variation in the moderator; and the effects of lattice representation. Also discussed is the engineering compatibility of heterogeneous assembly designs.
Date: March 26, 1981
Creator: Driscoll, M.J.
open access

Opportunistic replacement of fusion power system parts

Description: This paper describes a maintenance problem in a fusion power plant. The problem is to specify which life limited parts should be replaced when there is an opportunity. The objective is to minimize the cost rate of replacement parts and of maintenance actions while satisfying a power plant availability constraint. The maintenance policy is to look ahead and replace all parts that will reach their life limits within a time called a screen. Longer screens yield greater system availabilities becaus… more
Date: October 26, 1981
Creator: Day, J.A. & George, L.L.
open access

Optimum utilization of site energy sources for all-season thermal comfort in new residential construction for single-family attached (rowhouse/townhouse) designs

Description: A proposed design analysis is presented of a passive solar energy efficient system for a typical three-level, three bedroom, two story, garage-under townhouse. The design incorporates the best, most performance-proven and cost effective products, materials, processes, technologies, and sub-systems which are available today. Seven distinct categories recognized for analysis are identified as: the exterior environment; the interior environment; conservation of energy; natural energy utilization; … more
Date: February 26, 1981
open access

Plans for Brookhaven Fastbus During the Next π x 10 [sup]16 Nanoseconds.

Description: During this period new modules and devices will be built to be used in Experiment 749 at the A.G.S. Included will be approx. 200 channels of A-D converters for Pb-Glass Cerenkov counters, 2000 channels of proportional wire chamber readout, cable segments, segment interconnects, a new unibus interface, and a new on-segment processor. These items and perhaps others will be ready by the end of 1981.
Date: August 26, 1981
Creator: Leipuner, L. B.; Larsen, R.; Makowiecki, D.; Morse, W.; Rudolf, T.; Sims, W. et al.
open access

Procedure for matching synfuel users with potential suppliers. Final report

Description: A procedure has been developed for matching prospective users and producers of synthetic fuels. The matching procedure, which involves a hierarchical screening process, is designed to assist OFC in: locating a supplier for a firm that wishes to obtain synthetic fuel exemption (Fuel Use Act); determining whether the fuel supplier proposed by a petitioner is technically and economically capable of meeting the petitioner's needs; and assisting the Synthetic Fuels Corporation in evaluating pot… more
Date: September 26, 1981
open access

Project planning and management techniques of the fast-paced TMX-Upgrade construction

Description: The Tandem Mirror Experiment-Upgrade (TMX-Upgrade) construction will be completed in 18 months at a total cost of $14.5 million. This paper describes the project planning and the management techniques used to complete the TMX-Upgrade within its allocated cost and schedule. In the planning stages of a project, before approval of the proposal, we define major project objectives, create a work breakdown structure (WBS), detail a technical description for each level of the WBS, and provide detailed… more
Date: October 26, 1981
Creator: Seberger, C.D. & Chargin, A.K.
open access

Proposed changes in interest rate criteria and the amortization method for repayment of federal hydro-power investments

Description: Where review of government policies followed in charging interest on unrepaid investment (32% of total program cost) disclosed those interest rates were less than cost to the US Treasury to borrow funds to finance federal programs, IG recommended consideration of policy changes to recover interest costs on new project more closely to true costs, i.e., perhaps use of a weighted average over entire construction period. Also, a policy to amortize all unrepaid investments on a simultaneous basis sh… more
Date: January 26, 1981
open access

Real-time radiography

Description: Real-time radiography is used for imaging both dynamic events and static objects. Fluorescent screens play an important role in converting radiation to light, which is then observed directly or intensified and detected. The radiographic parameters for real-time radiography are similar to conventional film radiography with special emphasis on statistics and magnification. Direct-viewing fluoroscopy uses the human eye as a detector of fluorescent screen light or the light from an intensifier. Rem… more
Date: February 26, 1981
Creator: Bossi, R. H. & Oien, C. T.
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