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open access

Analysis of how changed federal regulations and economic incentives affect financing of geothermal projects

Description: The effects of various financial incentives on potential developers of geothermal electric energy are studied and the impact of timing of plant construction costs on geothermal electricity costs is assessed. The effect of the geothermal loan guarantee program on decisions by investor-owned utilities to build geothermal electric power plants was examined. The usefulness of additional investment tax credits was studied as a method for encouraging utilities to invest in geothermal energy. The inde… more
Date: November 4, 1980
Creator: Meyers, D.; Wiseman, E. & Bennett, V.
open access

Continuous-flow leach testing method for various nuclear waste forms

Description: Nuclear waste is planned to be buried in deep geological repositories. If these repositories were ever invaded by ground water, the waste form could be corroded and the nuclear waste released to the surrounding geologic medium. The rate at which this flowing ground water corrodes the waste form can be studied using the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory's single-pass continuous-flow leaching test. This repository-relevant leaching test places the waste form of interest into a flowing stream… more
Date: December 4, 1980
Creator: Coles, D. G.
open access

Effects of Aqueous Effluents From in Situ Fossil Fuel Processing Technologies on Aquatic Systems. Annual Progress Report, January 1-December 31, 1979

Description: This is the third annual progress report for a continuing EPA-DOE jointly funded project to evaluate the effects of aqueous effluents from in situ fossil-fuel processing technologies on aquatic biota. The project is organized into four project tasks: (1) literature review; (2) process water screening; (3) methods development; and (4) recommendations. Our Bibliography of aquatic ecosystem effects, analytical methods and treatment technologies for organic compounds in advanced fossil-fuel process… more
Date: January 4, 1980
Creator: Bergman, H.L.
open access

Electric and hybrid vehicle environmental control subsystem study. Final report

Description: The purpose of this study is to select the best technologies for the environmental control subsystem (ECS) for interior heating and cooling in electric and hybrid vehicles. The best technology must be selected from technologies that are available in the near term. The selected technology will serve as a basis on which development of a prototype ECS could start immediately. The technology selected as best ECS for the electric vehicle is the combination of a combustion heater and gasoline engine … more
Date: December 4, 1980
Creator: Heitner, K. L.
open access

Experimental and evaluated nuclear plus interference cross sections for light charged particles

Description: Experimental and evaluated integral parameters derived from nuclear plus interference differential elastic scattering cross sections are presented for all projectile/target combinations of the particles p, d, t, /sup 3/He, and ..cap alpha... The data include reaction rates, average fractional energy losses per collision and per unit path length, and average laboratory scattering cosines. The resulting parameters are of potential use in analysis of charged-particle transport.
Date: July 4, 1980
Creator: Perkins, S.T. & Cullen, D.E.
open access

Filamentation of a converging heavy ion beam

Description: A major concern in the use of heavy ion beams as igniters in pellet fusion systems is the vulnerability of the beam to the transverse flamentation instability. The undesirable consequence of this mode is the transverse heating of the beam to the extent that convergence on the pellet becomes impossible. This work considers the case of a beam injected into a gas filled reactor vessel, where finite pulse length and propagation distance play an important role in limiting growth. Two geometries are … more
Date: February 4, 1980
Creator: Lee, E. P.; Buchanan, H. L. & Rosenbluth, M. N.
open access

Formation of Compact Toroidal Plasmas by Magnetized Coaxial Plasma Gun Injection Into an Oblate Flux Conserver

Description: Initial results are reported on the formation of compact toroidal plasmas in an oblate shaped metallic flux conserver. A schematic of the experimental apparatus is shown. The plasma injector is a coaxial plasma gun with solenoid coils wound on the inner and outer electrodes. The electrode length is 100 cm, the diameter of the inner (outer) electrode is 19.3 cm (32.4 cm). Deuterium gas is puffed into the region between electrodes by eight pulsed valves located on the outer electrode 50 cm from t… more
Date: November 4, 1980
Creator: Turner, W. C.; Goldenbaum, G. C.; Granneman, E. H. A.; Hartman, C. W.; Prono, D. S.; Taska, J. et al.
open access

GAMIDENT: a program to aid in the identification of unknown materials by gamma-ray spectroscopy

Description: A computer code, called GAMIDENT, was written to help identify isotopes by their gamma-ray emissions and thus to assist in the non-destructive assay of unknown materials. The program searches a file (called GAMIN) of gamma-ray spectra, from both radioactive decays and neutron captures, for matches with observed photon energies. This report describes the search procedure used, outlines the use of the code, and gives examples. The code is designed for operation at the Lawrence Livermore Laborator… more
Date: January 4, 1980
Creator: Howerton, R.J. & Eggens, C.J.
open access

Geothermal Space Heating Applications for the Fort Peck Indian Reservation in the Vicinity of Poplar, Montana. Phase I Report, August 20, 1979--December 31, 1979

Description: This engineering and economic study is concerned with the question of using the natural heat of the earth, or geothermal energy, as an alternative to other energy sources such as oil and natural gas which are increasing in cost. This document represents a quarterly progress report on the effort directed to determine the availability of geothermal energy within the Fort Peck Indian Reservation, Montana (Figure 1), and the feasibility of beneficial use of this resource including engineering, econ… more
Date: January 4, 1980
Creator: Spencer, Glenn J. & Cohen, M. Jane
open access

Low-cost solar array project. Task I. Silicon material: investigation of the hydrogenation of SiCl/sub 4/. Third quarterly report

Description: A laboratory stainless steel reactor has been constructed and installed to study the hydrogenation of SiCl/sub 4/, 3 SiCl/sub 4/ + 2 H/sub 2/ + Si reversible arrow 4 SiHCl/sub 3/. The reactor is designed to operate at pressure up to 500 psig which is the proposed operating pressure range of the Union Carbide EPSDU; silane-to-silicon process. Series of experiments were carried out to measure the reaction kinetics. The effect of reactor temperature on the rate of the hydrogenation of SiCl/sub 4/ … more
Date: January 4, 1980
Creator: Mui, J. Y. P.
open access

Minimum-test series for the intermediate-size inducer pump in SPTF at ETEC

Description: The overall test program includes pump assembly, installation, testing, removal from the test loop, disassembly and final inspection of the entire pump. Testing will include: checkout tests, head/flow and efficiency characterizations at design and two-loop flow/speed ratios and at selected sodium temperatures; suction performance determination; and a design point endurance test, up to 2000 hours, based on available time. The endurance test will be run at 100 percent NPSH margin. After testing, … more
Date: January 4, 1980
open access

Nova chain design and performance

Description: During the past year design of the Nova laser has undergone significant change as a result of developments in our laser glass and optical coating evaluation programs. Two notable aspects of the glass development program deserve emphasis. First, vendor qualification for production of fluorophosphate laser glass is progressing satisfactorily. There is a reasonable expectation that vendors can meet fluorophosphate glass specifications within Nova schedule constraints. Secondly, recent gain saturat… more
Date: September 4, 1980
Creator: Simmons, W. W.; Glaze, J. A.; Trenholme, J. B. & Hagen, W. F.
open access

Operator Manual: High Temperature Heat Pump

Description: Experimental data is being obtained from operating a high temperature heat pump system. The use of methanol as a working fluid will necessitate careful monitoring of refrigerant temperatures and pressures with chemical analysis performed on the working fluid during scheduled down time. Materials sent to vendors by Auburn University and quotes received by Auburn concerning equipment (compressor, evaporator, condensor, air heater, dryer, two accumulator tanks, and three expansion valves) are disc… more
Date: March 4, 1980
Creator: Dyer, D. F.; Maples, G.; Burch, T. E. & Chancellor, P. D.
open access

Prayer and Religion in the Public Schools: What Is, and Is Not, Permitted

Description: Few areas of constitutional law have proven to be as controversial and as subject to misinterpretation as that concerning the constitutionality of government-sponsored religious activities in public schools. In the last three decades the Supreme Court in five decisions and the State arid lower Federal courts in dozens of related decisions have attempted to articulate the 1 / meaning of the religion clauses of the First ~mendment- for a variety of such activities, including State-sponsored praye… more
Date: September 4, 1980
Creator: Ackerman, David M.
open access

Precipitation and Lake-Level Changes in the West and Midwest Over the Past 10,000 to 24,000 Years. Final Report

Description: The goal of the research described in this report is to document the climatic variability over the past 10,000 to 20,000 years in areas in which sites may be designated for the burial of nuclear wastes. Three separate data sets were studied, and the results are presented in three chapters. The first data set consisted of radiocarbon dates documenting past changes in lake levels in lakes and playas in the western United States. The sites were mapped where water levels were higher than the levels… more
Date: February 4, 1980
Creator: Webb, T., III; Street, F. A. & Howe, S.
open access

Program GROUPIE (version 79-1): calculation of Bondarenko self-shielded neutron cross sections and multiband parameters from data in the ENDF/B format

Description: Program GROUPIE reads evaluated data in the ENDF/B format and uses these data to calculate Bondarenko self-shielded cross sections and multiband parameters. To give as much generality as possible, the program allows the user to specify arbitrary energy groups and an arbitrary energy groups and an arbitrary energy-dependent neutron spectrum (weighing function). To guarantee the accuracy of the results, all integrals are performed analytically; in no case is iteration or any approximate form of i… more
Date: July 4, 1980
Creator: Cullen, D.E.
open access

Solar heating panel: Parks and Recreation Building, Saugatuck Township Park and Recreation Commission. Final report

Description: This report is an account of the design and installation of a solar heating system on an existing building in Saugatuck, MI, using existing technology. The purpose of this program is to demonstrate the possibilities of alternative energy, educate local craftsmen, and make the building more useful to the community. The structure of the building is described. The process of insulating the structure is described. The design of the solar panel, headers, and strong box full of rocks for heat storage… more
Date: December 4, 1980
open access

Some recent efforts toward high density implosions

Description: Some recent Livermore efforts towards achieving high-density implosions are presented. The implosion dynamics necessary to compress DT fuel to 10 to 100 times liquid density are discussed. Methods of diagnosing the maximum DT density for a specific design are presented along with results to date. The dynamics of the double-shelled target with an exploding outer shell are described, and some preliminary experimental results are presented.
Date: December 4, 1980
Creator: McClellan, Gene E.
open access

Stellarmak a hybrid stellarator: Spheromak

Description: This paper discusses hybridization of modified Stellarator-like transform windings (T-windings) with a Spheromak or Field-Reversed-Mirror configuration. This configuration, Stellarmak, retains the important topological advantage of the Spheromak or FRM of having no plasma linking conductors or blankets. The T-windings provide rotational transformation in toroidal angle of the outer poloidal field lines, in effect creating a reversed B/sub Toroidal/ Spheromak or adding average B/sub T/ to the FR… more
Date: January 4, 1980
Creator: Hartman, C. W.
open access

Studies of the dissolution of geothermal scale

Description: Samples of geothermal scale formed from Magmamax No. 1 and Woolsey No. 1 wells in the Imperial Valley, Calif., were exposed to concentrated and dilute solutions of common laboratory reagents. The time of exposure and temperature of the reagent were also varied. Several reagents easily dissolved significant amounts of the scale. An in situ test was performed with marginal success.
Date: February 4, 1980
Creator: Deutscher, S.B.; Ross, D.M.; Quong, R. & Harrar, J.E.
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