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2001 Tax Cut: Description, Analysis, and Background

Description: A major tax cut, H.R. 1836, was enacted in June 2001, but contained sunsetted provisions. The House will consider, the week of April 15, making those tax provisions permanent. This report summarizes the provisions of the bill, analyzes effects, and considers the development of the legislation.
Date: April 12, 2002
Creator: Brumbaugh, David L.; Gravelle, Jane G.; Maguire, Steven; Talley, Louis Alan & Lyke, Bob
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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AIDS in Africa

Description: Sub-Saharan Africa has been far more severely affected by AIDS than any other part of the world. The United Nations reports that 25.3 million adults and children are infected with the HIV virus in the region, which has about 10% of the world's population but more than 70% of the worldwide total of infected people. This report discusses this issue in detail, including the cause of the African AIDS epidemic, the social and economic consequences, response and treatment, and U.S. policy.
Date: February 12, 2002
Creator: Copson, Raymond W.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Andean Regional Initiative (ARI): FY2002 Supplemental and FY2003 Assistance for Colombia and Neighbors

Description: This report discusses President Bush's 2002 requests for new funding and additional authority to provide assistance to Colombia and six regional neighbors in a continuation of the Andean Regional Initiative (ARI) launched in 2001.
Date: June 12, 2002
Creator: Storrs, K. Larry & Serafino, Nina M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The Andean Trade Preference Act: A Comparison of House and Senate Versions of H.R. 3009

Description: In 1991, the 102nd Congress passed the Andean Trade Preference Act (ATPA), which provided for preferential treatment of selected U.S. imports from Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru as part of an incentive system to encourage legal trade as an alternative to illicit drug production. This brief report provides a side-by-side comparison of House- and Senate-passed bills that would reauthorize the ATPA.
Date: June 12, 2002
Creator: Hornbeck, J. F.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Appropriations for FY2002: An Overview

Description: Appropriations are one part of a complex federal budget process that includes budget resolutions, appropriations (regular, supplemental, and continuing) bills, rescissions, and budget reconciliation bills. This report is a guide to one of the 13 regular appropriations bills that Congress passes each year.
Date: March 12, 2002
Creator: Bley, Mary Frances
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Appropriations for FY2003: Legislative Branch

Description: Appropriations are one part of a complex federal budget process that includes budget resolutions, appropriations (regular, supplemental, and continuing) bills, rescissions, and budget reconciliation bills. This report is a guide to one of the 13 regular appropriations bills that Congress considers each year. It is designed to supplement the information provided by the House and Senate Appropriations Subcommittees on Legislative Branch Appropriations.
Date: July 12, 2002
Creator: Dwyer, Paul E.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Appropriations for FY2003: U.S. Department of Agriculture and Related Agencies

Description: Appropriations are one part of a complex federal budget process that includes budget resolutions, appropriations (regular, supplemental, and continuing) bills, rescissions, and budget reconciliation bills. This report is a guide to one of the 13 regular appropriations bills that Congress considers each year. It is designed to supplement the information provided by the House and Senate Appropriations Subcommittees on Agriculture.
Date: July 12, 2002
Creator: Chite, Ralph M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia: Political Developments and Implications for U.S. Interests

Description: The United States recognized the independence of all the former Soviet republics by the end of 1991, including the South Caucasus states of Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia. The United States has fostered these states' ties with the West in part to end the dependence of these states on Russia for trade, security, and other relations. The FREEDOM Support Act of 1992 provides authorization for assistance to the Eurasian states for humanitarian needs, democratization, and other purposes. In the af… more
Date: December 12, 2002
Creator: Nichol, Jim
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Authorization and Appropriations for FY2003: Defense

Description: This report is a guide to one of the 13 regular appropriations bills that Congress passes each year. It is designed to supplement the information provided by the House and Senate Appropriations Subcommittees on Energy and Water. It summarizes the current legislative status of the bill, its scope, major issues, funding levels, and related legislative activity. The report lists the key CRS staff relevant to the issues covered and related CRS products.
Date: July 12, 2002
Creator: Daggett, Stephen & Belasco, Amy
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Background and Legal Issues Related to Stem Cell Research

Description: In August 2001, President Bush announced that federal funds, with certain restrictions, may be used to conduct research on human embryonic stem cells. Federal research is limited to “the more than 60” existing stem cell lines that were derived (1) with the informed consent of the donors; (2) from excess embryos created solely for reproductive purposes; and (3) without any financial inducements to the donors. No federal funds may be used for the derivation or use of stem cell lines derived from … more
Date: June 12, 2002
Creator: Duffy, Diane T
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The Black Lung Benefits Program

Description: This program benefits coal mine workers by providing medical and income assistance. The programs main goal is to make the benefits readily available to workers than under state laws. The article provides the benefits, eligibility and procedure for the program.
Date: June 12, 2002
Creator: Rappaport, Edward
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Campaign Finance: Constitutional and Legal Issues of Soft Money

Description: Soft money is a major issue in the campaign finance reform debate because these generally unregulated funds are perceived as resulting from a loophole in the Federal Election Campaign Act (FECA). Generally, soft money is funds that are raised and spent according to applicable state laws, which FECA prohibits from being spent directly on federal elections, but that may have an indirect influence on federal elections. This Issue Brief discusses three major types of soft money: political party sof… more
Date: September 12, 2002
Creator: Whitaker, L. Paige
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Class Actions and Proposed Reform in the 107th Congress: Class Action Fairness Act of 2002

Description: This report discusses the Class Action Fairness Act of 2002. The bill reflects a preference for class actions to be adjudicated in federal courts and would enlarge U.S. district courts original jurisdiction over class actions with claims aggregating $2,000,000 or more (even if each of the members of the class had not sustained damages in excess of $75,000 as is now required).
Date: March 12, 2002
Creator: Wallace, Paul Starett, Jr.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Cooperative R&D: Federal Efforts to Promote Industrial Competitiveness

Description: In response to the foreign challenge in the global marketplace, the United States Congress has explored ways to stimulate technological advancement in the private sector. The government has supported various efforts to promote cooperative research and development activities among industry, universities, and the federal R&D establishment designed to increase the competitiveness of American industry and to encourage the generation of new products, processes, and services. Among the issues before … more
Date: July 12, 2002
Creator: Schacht, Wendy H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Creation of Executive Departments: Highlights from the Legislative History of Modern Precedents

Description: This report describes the principal elements of legislative process used to establish these executive branch entities. Legislative histories of the organic acts of these Cabinet departments are set out in narrative form in the body of the report, and in tabular format in the appendix.
Date: July 12, 2002
Creator: Carr, Thomas P.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Crime Control: The Federal Response

Description: Under the federal system in the United States, the states and localities traditionally have held the major responsibility for prevention and control of crime and maintenance of order. For most of the Republic’s history, “police powers” in the broad sense were reserved to the states under the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution. Many still hold that view, but others see a string of court decisions in recent decades as providing the basis for a far more active federal role. Several bills are disc… more
Date: September 12, 2002
Creator: O'Bryant, JoAnne & Seghetti, Lisa M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Cuba: Issues for the 107th Congress

Description: This report examines the economic and political situation in Cuba, including the human rights situation, and U.S. policy toward Cuba. The report also analyzes a number of issues facing Congress in U.S. policy toward Cuba, including: the overall direction of U.S. policy; challenges to U.S. policy in the World Trade Organization; restrictions on commercial food and medical exports; restrictions on travel; bilateral drug trafficking cooperation; Cuba and terrorism; funding for U.S.-government spon… more
Date: June 12, 2002
Creator: Sullivan, Mark P. & Taft-Morales, Maureen
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Current Economic Conditions and Selected Forecasts

Description: This report contains information regarding the Current Economic Conditions, Recent Macroeconomic Developments, Posture of Monetary and Fiscal Policy, Summary of Current Developments, Sources of GDP Growth, Economic Forecasts 2001, and Promotion of Economic Growth. The report also presents statistics regarding the Growth Rate of Real GDP v. Final Sales, Civilian Unemployment Rate, Rate of Change in the Consumer Price Index, Rate of Change in the GDP Deflators, Rate of Change in Labor Costs, U.S.… more
Date: July 12, 2002
Creator: Makinen, Gail
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Economic Development Administration: Overview and Issues

Description: The Economic Development Administration (EDA), targeted for elimination or major “reinvention” early in the 104th Congress, gained a new lease on life in the waning days of the 105th. Having been kept alive via appropriations bills since its last authorizing legislation expired in 1982, P.L. 105-393 reauthorized the EDA and its programs for 5 years. On October 27, Congress approved a conference agreement recommending $286.7 million for EDAP and $28 million for S&E, for a totalFY2001 appropriati… more
Date: June 12, 2002
Creator: Mulock, Bruce K.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Economic Development Administration: Overview and Issues

Description: The Economic Development Administration (EDA), targeted for elimination or major “reinvention” early in the 104th Congress, gained a new lease on life in the waning days of the 105th. Having been kept alive via appropriations bills since its last authorizing legislation expired in 1982, P.L. 105-393 reauthorized the EDA and its programs for 5 years. On October 27, Congress approved a conference agreement recommending $286.7 million for EDAP and $28 million for S&E, for a totalFY2001 appropriati… more
Date: July 12, 2002
Creator: Mulock, Bruce K.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Egypt-United States Relations

Description: Among the current issues in U.S.-Egyptian relations are the shared concerns over the terrorist attacks against Egyptian police, religious, government, and tourist facilities, and what those attacks maysignal for Egypt’s domestic stability. The two nations may disagree over Egypt’s interpretation of applying human rights practices to Islamic terrorists. The two countries disagree over the speed and depth, but not the need for some of Egypt’s economic reforms. Egypt and the United States agree on… more
Date: December 12, 2002
Creator: Mark, Clyde R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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